How was Streptococcus mutans discovered?
S. mutans was first described by James Kilian Clarke (1886-1950) after he isolated it from a carious lesion, but it was not until 1960s that real interest in this microbe was generated when researchers began studying dental caries (8).
What Agar does Streptococcus mutans grow on?
mitis-salivarius
Abstract. The ability of Streptococcus mutans to grow on mitis-salivarius (MS) agar, MC agar, mitis-sucrose-bacitracin (MSB), BCY agar, and MM10 sucrose agar was studied. Batch cultures of S. mutans serotype a demonstrated no growth on MSB agar.
What is Streptococcus mutans famous for?
Mutans streptococci are believed to be the major pathogens of dental caries, because they are frequently isolated from cavitated carious lesions, possess properties to induce caries formation in animals fed a sucrose-rich diet, show highly acidogenic and aciduric properties, and possess cell surface proteins associated …
Where is Streptococcus mutans commonly found?
Streptococcus mutans (“S. mutans”) is a type of bacteria found on most tooth surfaces, and hard to reach areas like pits and fissures – the grooves found in your premolars and molars.
Who discovered Streptococcus mutans?
J. Clarke
In 1924, J. Clarke isolated an organism from carious lesions and called it Streptococcus mutans, because he thought the oval shaped cells observed were mutant forms of streptococci (1).
What is Streptococcus mutans common name?
Streptococcus mutans is a facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) commonly found in the human oral cavity and is a significant contributor to tooth decay. It is part of the “streptococci” (plural, non-italic lowercase), an informal general name for all species in the genus Streptococcus.
Does Streptococcus mutans grow on nutrient agar?
Growth is more profuse on media enriched with blood, serum, or a fermentable carbohydrate. To avoid competition and to inhibit other Gram-positive organisms, Selective Strep Agar is used as a selective media. S.
…
Classification of Streptococcus mutans.
| Domain: | Bacteria |
|---|---|
| Species: | S. mutans |
How do you make mitis salivarius agar?
Suspend 90 g in 1000 ml distilled water. Boil to dissolve the medium completely. Dispense and sterilize by autoclaving at 121°C for 15 minutes. Cool to 50-55°C and add 1 ml of sterile 1 % potassium tellurite solution (Cat.
What disease is caused by Streptococcus mutans?
Streptococcus mutans, a major pathogen of dental caries, is regarded as a causative agent of infective endocarditis (IE), which mainly occurs in patients with underlying heart disease. However, it remains unknown whether severe dental caries that extend to pulp space represent a possible route of infection.
What is the scientific name for Streptococcus mutans?
Streptococcus mutansStreptococcus mutans / Scientific name
What type of hemolysis is Streptococcus mutans?
Streptococcus mutans is normally alpha- or gamma-hemolytic on blood agar plates. However, three recently isolated S. mutans strains were observed to elicit beta-hemolysis. The production and nature of a hemolytic substance were studied.
How is Mitis salivarius agar differential?
How does the mitis salivarius agar differ from the blood agar? It provides clues as to what species of streptococci might be growing on the agar.
Is MSB agar selective or differential?
selective
Abstract. The MSB Agar (mitis salivarius-bacitracin) 20% sacarose medium is frequently used for the isolation and count of total streptococci and Streptococcus mutans. Although it is considered a selective culture medium for this micro-organism, S.
What do Streptococcus mutans eat?
Streptococcus mutans, which causes dental caries, splits the sucrose in food and uses one of the sugars to build its capsule, which sticks tightly to the tooth. The bacteria that are trapped in the capsule use the other sugar to fuel their metabolism and produce…
Does everyone have S. mutans?
mutans is naturally present in the human oral microbiota, along with at least 25 other species of oral streptococci. The taxonomy of these bacteria remains tentative. Different areas of the oral cavity present different ecological niches, and each species has specific properties for colonizing different oral sites. S.
Is Streptococcus salivarius alpha or beta hemolytic?
alpha hemolysis
Streptococcus pneumoniae and a group of oral streptococci (Streptococcus viridans or viridans streptococci) display alpha hemolysis.
What does mitis salivarius agar selective for?
Mitis Salivarius Agar is a medium used with supplements for the selective isolation of Streptococcus viridans, such as Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus salivarius, and Enterococcus faecalis, from specimens containing mixed microbial flora.
Is mitis salivarius media selective and/or differential?
4,5 Because of its selective and differential qualities it is especially useful for the isolation of streptococci and enterococci from sources containing commensal microbial flora.
What color is Streptococcus mutans?
Streptococcus mutans can be identified by a chalky white spot on the surface of the tooth indicating an area of demineralization of enamel, which is commonly referred to as a carious lesion.
Does Streptococcus mutans have a vaccine?
A caries vaccine is a vaccine to prevent and protect against tooth decay. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) has been identified as the major etiological agent of human dental caries. The development of a vaccine for tooth decay has been under investigation since the 1970s.
What category of hemolysis is Streptococcus mutans?
Does Streptococcus salivarius ferment mannitol?
salivarius strain fermented glucose, sucrose, maltose, raffinose, inulin, salicin, trehalose, and lactic acid and did not ferment glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, xylose, and arabinose.
How do you test for Streptococcus mutans?
mutans tests are conducted on collected saliva and are sensitive enough to provide a degree of low, medium, or high cariogenic bacterial challenge. The most common culture-based medium to test for streptococci is the Mitis-Salivarius agar or Mitis Salivarious agar with bacitracin (MSB).
Why there is no vaccine for dental caries?
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Dental caries is an irreversible, multifactorial opportunistic infection. The treatment is costly, making it a public health problem. Despite many years of promising laboratory research, animal studies and clinical trials, there is no commercially available vaccine today.
What type of hemolysis is Streptococcus salivarius?
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus salivarius, viridans are referred to collectively as viridans streptococci, a name derived from viridis (Latin for “green”), referring to the green pigment formed by the partial, α-hemolysis of blood agar.