What does protein S deficiency mean?
Protein S deficiency is a rare clotting problem that you can inherit from your parents. Many people with this deficiency don’t get a dangerous blood clot, but others can have a deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.
How is protein S deficiency inherited?
[2] Protein S deficiency can be hereditary or acquired. The acquired deficiency is usually due to hepatic disease, nephrotic syndrome, or vitamin K deficiency. Hereditary protein S deficiency is an autosomal dominant trait. Thrombosis is observed in both heterozygous and homozygous genetic deficiencies of protein S.
Is protein S deficiency an autoimmune disease?
Autoimmune protein S (PS) deficiency is a rare and potentially life-threatening disorder characterized by recurrent thromboembolism due to a defect in the natural anticoagulant protein C–protein S–thrombomodulin (PC-PS-TM) system.
Can birth control cause protein S deficiency?
The results show that women taking oral contraceptives have significantly lower total protein S (24.3 +/- 3.6 micrograms/mL; mean +/- SD) than women not taking oral contraceptives (28.6 +/- 3.9 micrograms/mL) (P less than . 005). Men had significantly higher protein S levels (30.9 +/- 3.9 micrograms/mL, P less than .
What does protein S do in the body?
Protein S is one of the many vital proteins in the human body. It plays a large role in controlling your blood clotting process. Your blood’s ability to clot is very important. It prevents excessive blood loss when an injury occurs.
What is normal range for protein S?
Protein S Activity Normal Range
In general, normal values are 60% to 150% of clotting inhibition.
What protein causes blood clots?
Fibrinogen… A specialized protein or clotting factor found in blood. When a blood vessel is injured, thrombin, another clotting factor, is activated and changes fibrinogen to fibrin.
Does protein S deficiency cause miscarriage?
Protein S deficiency, the protein C cofactor main physiological inhibitor of coagulation, is a thrombophilic state with various events from thrombosis to miscarriage in pregnant women.
What is the best blood thinner for protein S deficiency?
Rivaroxaban may be considered as a valid anticoagulant alternative in patients with severe inherited protein S deficiency and warfarin-induced skin necrosis.
Can protein S deficiency cause stroke?
Protein S deficiency is a rare cause of recurrent ischemic stroke in young population.
What level is protein S deficiency?
In thrombophilic families, protein S deficiency is clearly associated with venous thrombosis. We aimed to determine whether the same holds true in a population-based case-control study (n = 5317). Subjects were regarded protein S deficient when protein S levels were <2.5th percentile of the controls.
How can I increase my protein S?
Easy ways to increase protein intake
- Start your day with protein.
- Make protein part of each meal and snack.
- Incorporate dairy foods.
- Replace rice or pasta with quinoa.
- Have a protein shake for a snack.
- Carry high-protein snacks on the go.
- Include larger portions of protein with meals.
- Add protein to carb-heavy meals.
Does aspirin help with protein S deficiency?
Many experts recommend that women with protein S deficiency and a history of fetal loss, and severe or recurrent eclampsia, receive low-dose aspirin and prophylactic-dose low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) therapy during pregnancy, with the LMWH prophylaxis extending for 6 weeks postpartum.
Can I have healthy pregnancy with protein S deficiency?
Abstract. Protein S is a cofactor of protein C which lowers the activated factors VIII and V. Pregnancy reduces the level of protein S to 40-50% of normal levels but it is not clear whether the lowered protein S levels increase the risk of developing thrombo-embolism during pregnancy.
How do you fix protein S deficiency?
There is not a specific therapy for patients with protein S deficiency. The use of anticoagulant therapy however is highly effective in the treatment and prevention of blood clots in patients with the common type of protein S deficiency (due to inheritance of one abnormal protein S gene).
How do you recover from protein S deficiency?
What level is considered protein S deficiency?
How is protein S deficiency treated in pregnancy?
Is protein S deficiency high risk pregnancy?
Protein S deficiency is a rare inherited thrombophilia often associated with fetal losses in pregnancy. It is seen in approximately 1 in 500 to 1 in 3,000 people. Homozygous Protein S deficiency in neonates manifests as a catastrophic and fatal thrombotic complication termed Purpura Fulminans (PF).