What are some differential diagnosis for anemia?
Chronic inflammation/chronic disease (typically normocytic) – Anemia of chronic inflammation. Reduced globin production (Thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies). Sideroblastic anemia(eg, congenital, lead, alcohol, drugs; uncommon).
What is the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia?
Iron deficiency anemia is classically described as a microcytic anemia. The differential diagnosis includes thalassemia, sideroblastic anemias, some types of anemia of chronic disease, and lead poisoning. Serum ferritin is the preferred initial diagnostic test.
What are the 3 classification of anemia?
Anemia can be classified as microcytic, normocytic or macrocytic, depending on MCV.
What are the 4 types of anemia?
Many types of anemia exist, such as iron-deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia, aplastic anemia, and hemo- lytic anemia. The different types of anemia are linked to various diseases and conditions.
What tests are used to diagnose anemia?
Complete blood count (CBC).
A CBC is used to count the number of blood cells in a sample of your blood. For anemia, your doctor will likely be interested in the levels of the red blood cells contained in your blood (hematocrit) and the hemoglobin in your blood.
What is the differential diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia?
Diagnostic Considerations
Vitamin B12 insufficiency. Pernicious anemia. Lack of absorption of B12 complexes in the terminal ileum (eg, from small bowel bacterial overgrowth, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, tapeworm, familial factors, drugs, ileal bypass, ileal enteritis, celiac disease) Folic acid deficiency.
Is B12 deficiency pernicious anemia?
Pernicious anemia is a type of vitamin B12 anemia. The body needs vitamin B12 to make red blood cells. You get this vitamin from eating foods such as meat, poultry, shellfish, eggs, and dairy products. A special protein, called intrinsic factor (IF), binds vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed in the intestines.
What are the 7 types of anemia?
They include:
- Iron deficiency anemia. This most common type of anemia is caused by a shortage of iron in your body.
- Vitamin deficiency anemia.
- Anemia of inflammation.
- Aplastic anemia.
- Anemias associated with bone marrow disease.
- Hemolytic anemias.
- Sickle cell anemia.
What are 4 causes of anemia?
Possible causes of anemia include:
- Iron deficiency.
- Vitamin B12 deficiency.
- Folate deficiency.
- Certain medicines.
- Destruction of red blood cells earlier than normal (which may be caused by immune system problems)
- Long-term (chronic) diseases such as chronic kidney disease, cancer, ulcerative colitis, or rheumatoid arthritis.
What are the 3 main causes of anemia?
It carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Anemia has three main causes: blood loss, lack of red blood cell production, and high rates of red blood cell destruction.
What are the 6 types of anemia?
What is the differential for Microcytic Hypochromic anemia?
The differential diagnosis of hypochromic microcytic anemia can be thalassemias, anemia of chronic disease, lead poisoning, and X-linked sideroblastic anemia.
What are causes of microcytic anemia?
Causes of microcytic anemia
- Thalassemia. Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder that parents can pass down to their children as a result of abnormal genes.
- Anemia of chronic disease. Certain chronic diseases and conditions can cause microcytic anemia.
- Iron deficiency anemia.
- Lead poisoning.
- Sideroblastic anemia.
What is the difference between anemia and pernicious anemia?
Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. There are many types of anemia. Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12.
What are the 21 symptoms of anemia?
Symptoms of Anemia
- Weakness.
- Dizziness.
- Pale skin.
- Headache.
- Numbness or coldness in hands and feet.
- Low body temperature.
- Shortness of breath on exertion.
What are the 10 causes of anemia?
Common specific causes include:
- Chemotherapy or other medications affecting the bone marrow cells responsible for making red blood cells.
- Iron deficiency.
- Lack of vitamins needed for red blood cells.
- Low levels of erythropoietin.
- Chronic inflammation.
- Bone marrow disorders.
What are 3 symptoms of anemia?
Symptoms
- Fatigue.
- Weakness.
- Pale or yellowish skin.
- Irregular heartbeats.
- Shortness of breath.
- Dizziness or lightheadedness.
- Chest pain.
- Cold hands and feet.
What is the difference between microcytic and Macrocytic anemia?
Each type has its own causes. In microcytic anemia, red blood cells (RBCs) are smaller than normal. In macrocytic anemia, RBCs are larger than normal. Making this distinction in the size of RBCs will help doctors figure out the cause of a person’s anemia.
What is the difference between MCV and MCH?
MCV defines the size of the red blood cells and is expressed as femtoliters (10−15; fl) or as cubic microns (μm3). The normal values for MCV are 87 ± 7 fl. MCH quantifies the amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell.
What is megaloblastic anemia?
Megaloblastic anemia is a type of anemia characterized by very large red blood cells. In addition to the cells being large, the inner contents of each cell are not completely developed. This malformation causes the bone marrow to produce fewer cells, and sometimes the cells die earlier than the 120-day life expectancy.
What are the five strange symptoms of anemia?
Iron deficiency anemia signs and symptoms may include:
- Extreme fatigue.
- Weakness.
- Pale skin.
- Chest pain, fast heartbeat or shortness of breath.
- Headache, dizziness or lightheadedness.
- Cold hands and feet.
- Inflammation or soreness of your tongue.
- Brittle nails.
What is a megaloblastic anemia?
What is MCV and MCH and MCHC?
Definition. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were first introduced by Wintrobe in 1929 to define the size (MCV) and hemoglobin content (MCH, MCHC) of red blood cells.
What if MCV MCH and MCHC are low?
The RBC count, hematocrit level, MCV, MCH and MCHC might also be low in patients with anemia. Low RBC counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels can be caused by other things too, such as a lot of bleeding or malnutrition (not enough nutrients in the food eaten).
What happens if MCH and MCHC is low?
Low MCHC and MCH levels could indicate an iron deficiency, which would mean that you need to include more iron in your diet. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) are indicators of your hemoglobin levels.