What are the 2 diagnostic test for pheochromocytoma?
These tests may include: CT scan, a specialized X-ray technology. MRI , which uses radio waves and a magnetic field to produce detailed images. M-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging, a scanning technology that can detect tiny amounts of an injected radioactive compound taken up by pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas.
What is the most specific test for diagnosis of pheochromocytoma?
Several studies have found urine metanephrines to be the most sensitive test in pheochromocytoma diagnosis. Measurement of VMA in urine is generally believed to have lower sensitivity.
What are the differential diagnosis for pheochromocytoma?
Diagnostic Considerations
Differentials to consider in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma include the following: Alcohol withdrawal. Labile essential hypertension. Hyperventilation.
What is the hallmark of pheochromocytoma?
The clinical hallmark of pheochromocytoma is hypertension, but some patients are normotensive and may even be hypotensive.
What is the classic triad for pheochromocytoma?
Pheochromocytoma classically presents with paroxysms of hypertension and adrenergic symptoms including classic triad of episodic headache, sweating, and tachycardia.
What is the workup for pheochromocytoma?
The tests of choice to establish the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma are urinary normetanephrine and platelet norepinephrine. A combination of 131I-MIBG scintigraphy and diagnostic tests in urine, blood, or platelets does further improve the sensitivity.
What can mimic a pheochromocytoma?
Various tumors including neuroblastomas, ganglioneuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas may mimic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas. Symptoms associated with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma, such as high blood pressure, may be induced by the use of certain medications.
What is the classical clinical triad of pheochromocytoma?
What is the classic triad of pheochromocytoma?
What is the urine test used to detect a pheochromocytoma?
Urine metanephrines testing is used to help detect or rule out the presence of a rare tumor called a pheochromocytoma or a paraganglioma that releases excess metanephrines.
How is extra adrenal pheochromocytoma diagnosed?
The diagnosis is confirmed by demonstrating elevated blood and urine levels of catecholamines and their metabolites. Imaging studies to evaluate for EAPs include CT, MRI, and (131)I-labelled metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy.
What are the three symptoms associated with pheochromocytoma?
Signs and symptoms of pheochromocytomas often include:
- High blood pressure.
- Headache.
- Heavy sweating.
- Rapid heartbeat.
- Tremors.
- Pallor.
- Shortness of breath.
- Panic attack-type symptoms.