What are the diseases of cowpea?
The plants are infected with a large number of fungal diseases viz. blight (Ascochyta rabiei, A. alternata, Colletotrichum dematium, Stemphylium sarciniforme), wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica), dry root rot (Rhizoctnia bataticola), stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotium), wet root rot (R.
What is bacterial blight of cowpea?
Cowpea is an important protein source for human populations in many nations across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, cowpea production is constrained by bacterial blight (CoBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola (Xav), a disease affecting most cowpea-growing areas.
What is eating my cowpeas?
Cowpea curculio insects are a destructive type of weevil that is most commonly found on cowpeas. While adult cowpea curculio damage plants as they feed, further damage is done when larvae are hatched and begin to feed inside the developing cowpea pods, leading to decreased yields.
What is the common name for cowpea?
cowpea, (Vigna unguiculata), also called black-eyed pea or southern pea, annual plant within the pea family (Fabaceae) grown for its edible legumes.
What is the pest and disease of cowpea?
The most damaging insect pests are aphids, flower thrips, the Maruca pod borer and pod-sucking bugs. The cowpea aphid causes economic losses directly by sucking sap and indirectly through transmission of viral diseases. The Maruca pod borer feeds on every part of the cowpea plant.
What is anthracnose disease?
Anthracnose is a term used to loosely describe a group of related fungal diseases that typically cause dark lesions on leaves. In severe cases it may also cause sunken lesions and cankers on twigs and stems.
How do you control bacterial blight of cowpea?
Cold extracts of 6.67% concentration of the plant leaves were sprayed on cowpea (variety ‘Ife brown’) foliage. Streptomycin sulfate of 0.2% concentration was applied as a positive control and sterile distilled water as a negative control.
What causes bacterial blight?
Bacterial blight is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea, which can also infect snap bean and lima bean. The pathogen overwinters in crop residue and can be seed transmitted.
How do you control pest of cowpea?
Well-timed insecticide applications starting at bud initiation control these late season pests. 2-3 sprays of insecticide are sufficient to produce good high cowpea grain yields when improved varieties are used and sprays are well-timed [6].
When should I use neem oil?
Neem oil works as a preventative method as well as pest control for an existing infestation. Use neem oil during the morning or evening hours. Avoid using neem oil during the middle of the day, as the combination of neem oil and direct sunlight can burn the plants.
How long does cowpeas take to mature?
60- 120days
Cowpea can be harvested at different stages of maturity, i.e. leaves, green snaps, green-mature, and dry and depending on the variety and climatic conditions, cowpeas may take 60- 120days to mature their seeds.
When do you spray cowpea?
Spray cowpea with any of the above mentionned insecticide at 7-10 days interval beginning from flower bud initiation. In case of severe Thrips infestation during seedling stage, one spray may be needed before flowering. Normally four applications of insecticide are adequate to control the insect pests.
Which fungicide is best for anthracnose?
The most effective fungicides for control are the protective fungicides containing chlorothalonil e.g., Daconil), copper sprays containing copper diammonia diacetate (e.g., Liquicop), propiconazole (e.g., Banner Maxx II), and the systemic fungicide thiophanate-methyl (e.g., Cleary’s 3336, for professional use only).
How is anthracnose fungus treated?
How to Control Anthracnose. Remove and destroy any infected plants in your garden. For trees, prune out the dead wood and destroy the infected leaves. You can try spraying your plants with a copper-based fungicide, though be careful because copper can build up to toxic levels in the soil for earthworms and microbes.
What is the causal agent of bacterial pustule in cowpea?
Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vignicola (Xav) is one of the major diseases of cowpea giving rise to yield loss in all cowpea growing areas.
Is blight fungal or bacterial?
Most blights are caused by bacterial or fungal infestations, which usually attack the shoots and other young, rapidly growing tissues of a plant.
What are signs of bacterial blight?
Symptoms of common bacterial blight first appear on leaves as small, water-soaked spots, light green areas, or both. As these spots enlarge, the tissue in the center dies and turns brown. These irregularly shaped spots are bordered by a lemon yellow ring, which serves as a diagnostic symptom of common bacterial blight.
How do I get rid of cowpea aphids?
Chemical: The use of insecticide seed treatments can delay aphid colonisation and reduce early infestation and aphid feeding. A border spray in autumn/early winter, when aphids begin to move into crops, may provide sufficient control without the need to spray the entire paddock.
Which plants do not like neem oil?
Neem oil shouldn’t be applied to plants like caraway, basil, cilantro, marjoram, dill, parsley, oregano, as well as thyme. Be cautious in spraying the neem oil onto plants with delicate or wispy leaves, such as peas, arugula, lettuce, and spinach, as this could cause burns to the foliage.
Can I spray neem oil everyday?
You can use the neem oil spray when you need it, or regularly – once per week is a good measure. Using the spray regularly will make it a preventive solution, which is especially useful if you know you have an upcoming pest infestation in your area.
What is the best fertilizer for cowpeas?
Apply a balanced fertilizer at planting time, such as 250 pounds of 13-13-13 or 200 pounds of 19-19-19 per acre. No additional fertilizer should be required after this.
What grows well with cowpeas?
Plant the seeds with the eye of the seed facing down. Do not plant cowpea seeds in the same spot in the garden more than once every four years. Cowpeas grow well near corn, strawberries and cucumbers, but do not plant them near fennel or onions.
What is cypermethrin used for?
Cypermethrin, one of a handful of light-stable synthetic pyrethroids, is registered to control cockroaches, fleas and other indoor pests at home, restaurants, hospitals, schools and food-processing plants. It is also used in agriculture to control cotton, fruit and vegetable pests.
Does neem treat anthracnose?
ORNAMENTAL DISEASE CONTROL’ Neem Oil 70% is an effective fungicide for the prevention and control of various fungal diseases including black spot on roses, powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthracnose, rust, leaf spot, botrytis, needle rust, scab, flower, twig, and tip blight, and alternaria.