What does the expectancy violation theory explain?
Expectancy Violation Theory sees communication as the exchange of information which is high in relational content and can be used to violate the expectations of another which will be perceived as either positively or negatively depending on the liking between the two people.
What is an example of expectancy violation?
Examples of Expectancy Violation Theory
If the person takes the unexpected behavior as positive, the person will find ways to continue the conversation accordingly, whereas, if it is taken as negative, the person will find it violating and find ways to stop the conversation.
Who developed expectancy violations theory?
Judee K. Burgoon
The theory was proposed by Judee K. Burgoon in the late 1970s and continued through the 1980s and 1990s as “nonverbal expectancy violations theory”, based on Burgoon’s research studying proxemics.
What is expectancy violations theory quizlet?
Expectancy violations theory. looks specifically at what happens when someone violates our expectations. The theory suggests that we will judge a violation as either good or bad and act accordingly in the conversation. Goal of EVT. Suggests that people hold expectations about the nonverbal behavior of others.
What does expectancy violations theory suggest if you are trying to persuade another person?
It asserts that when communicative norms are violated, the violation may be perceived either favorably or unfavorably, depending on the perception the receiver has of the violator. Violating another’s expectations is a strategy that may be used rather than conforming to another’s expectations.
What are weaknesses of expectancy theory?
One of the expectancy theory’s greatest strengths is also one of its greatest weaknesses. The theory is inherently rational, assuming that employees always act purely out of self-interest and their desire for reward. However, the theory also omits the possibility that an employee may be motivated by other factors.
What is expectancy violation in exposure therapy?
In the expectancy violation approach, the end of an exposure trial is determined by conditions that violate expectancies and not by fear reduction; for example, exposure is continued for the duration determined to most effectively violate expectancies rather than whether fear has declined.
When was expectancy violation theory created?
Promexis was introduced by Edward Hall in 1966 and is the study of how close individuals stand to each other as they interact. This study of personal space was the genesis for the Expectancy Violations Theory.
Which approach knows characterizes the research undertaken using expectancy violations theory?
notes 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which approach to knowing characterizes the research undertaken using EVT? | positivistic/empirical |
| Which communication tradition is most closely associated with Expectancy Violations Theory? | socio-psychological |
| Expectancy violations are always evaluated negatively. | False |
What does expectancy violations theory say about unexpected behavior?
Expectation Violations Theory has its roots in Uncertainty Reduction research. Violations of expected behavior cause arousal and uncertainty in people. People then look to explain the violation in order to better predict another’s behavior. Early communication research that led to EVT was conducted by Judee K.
What are the 3 components of expectancy theory?
Expectancy theory has three components: Expectancy: effort → performance (E→P) Instrumentality: performance → outcome (P→O) Valence: V(R) outcome → reward.
What is an example of expectancy theory?
One of the most common expectancy theory examples is people working harder when they believe the added effort will help them achieve a goal and be rewarded. As a manager, if your team is unmotivated, it may be because: They don’t value the rewards associated with the work you’re doing.
What are the three types of exposure therapy?
These include:
- In vivo exposure: Directly facing a feared object, situation or activity in real life.
- Imaginal exposure: Vividly imagining the feared object, situation or activity.
- Virtual reality exposure: In some cases, virtual reality technology can be used when in vivo exposure is not practical.
When should you not use exposure therapy?
The PE manual (Foa et al., 2007) specifies several clinically determined contraindications for treatment: imminent threat of suicidal or homicidal behavior, recent (past 3 months) serious self-injurious behavior, and current psychosis.
Which communication tradition is most closely associated with expectancy violations theory?
notes 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which communication tradition is most closely associated with Expectancy Violations Theory? | socio-psychological |
| Expectancy violations are always evaluated negatively. | False |
| If we like a person, it is likely that we will positively evaluate most violations of expectancies. | True |
What does dissonance mean in psychology?
The term cognitive dissonance is used to describe the mental discomfort that results from holding two conflicting beliefs, values, or attitudes. People tend to seek consistency in their attitudes and perceptions, so this conflict causes feelings of unease or discomfort.
Which best describes expectancy theory?
Expectancy theory (or expectancy theory of motivation) proposes that an individual will behave or act in a certain way because they are motivated to select a specific behavior over others due to what they expect the result of that selected behavior will be.
What are the 3 elements of expectancy theory?
Expectancy theory explains the process of why someone chooses one behavior over another. In making this conscious choice, there are three elements considered: expectancy, instrumentality and valence.
Is exposure therapy a form of CBT?
A form of CBT, exposure therapy is a process for reducing fear and anxiety responses. In therapy, a person is gradually exposed to a feared situation or object, learning to become less sensitive over time. This type of therapy has been found to be particularly effective for obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.
Does CBT use exposure therapy?
Exposure therapy is an essential component of evidence-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) treatments for phobia, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and social anxiety disorder.
Can exposure therapy make PTSD worse?
Some professionals believe that exposure therapy may make symptoms worse, especially when dealing with PTSD. Additionally, exposure therapy is difficult work that causes people to feel and confront things that they have worked hard to avoid.
When was expectancy violations created?
Expectancy violations theory (EVT; Burgoon, 1993; Burgoon & Jones, 1976) is an interpersonal communication theory that makes the counterintuitive claim that violations of expectations are sometimes preferable to confirmations of expectations. It also distinguishes between positive and negative violations.
What does nonverbal expectancy theory propose?
Nonverbal expectancy violations theory holds that positive violations produce more favorable communication outcomes than conformity to expectations, while negative violations produce less favorable ones, and that reward characteristics of the communicator mediate the interpretation and evaluation of violations.
What are the 3 causes of cognitive dissonance?
Dissonant cognitions are usually caused by a mismatch in beliefs and behaviors. Festinger’s theory identified three primary triggers, or causes, of cognitive dissonance: forced compliance, decision-making, and effort.
Which is the best example of cognitive dissonance?
That feeling of mental discomfort about using plastic bags is an example of cognitive dissonance. This is because your beliefs are clashing with your actions or behavior. You believe that humans need to protect the environment, but you still use plastic bags. The internal conflict that this causes makes you feel bad.