What is a Type 3 odontoid fracture?
A type III odontoid fracture is a fracture through the body of the C2 vertebrae and may involve a variable portion of the C1 and C2 facets. Type III odontoid fractures occur secondary to hyperextension or hyperflexion of the cervical spine in a similar manner to type II odontoid fractures.
What is a Type 2 odontoid fracture?
A type II odontoid fracture is a break that occurs through a specific part of C2, the second bone in the neck. Bones of the spine are called vertebrae. The bone involved in odontoid fracture is the second vertebra, C2, high up in the neck.
Is Type 3 odontoid fracture stable?
Anderson type III odontoid fractures have traditionally been considered stable and treated conservatively. However, unstable cases with unfavorable results following conservative treatment have been reported.
What is the most common type of odontoid fracture?
Classification and Management of Occipitocervical Injuries
127-6). Type I fractures are essentially avulsion fractures of the odontoid tip and are rare, generally stable, and usually managed with an external semirigid (collar) or rigid (halo) orthosis. Type II fractures are the most common type of odontoid fracture.
How serious is an Odontoid fracture?
Medical Comorbidities and Mortality
Mortality rates following odontoid fractures are similar to mortality rates following hip fractures. Elderly patients with this injury have a 30-d mortality rate of approximately 10% to 25% 12 , 49 and a 1-yr mortality rate of 20% to 50%.
What type of Odontoid fracture has the best prognosis for healing?
Type II occurs at the base of the odontoid process and represents the most common fracture type. Type III extends into the body of the axis and has good healing potential.
Does a C2 fracture require surgery?
Conclusions. C2 fractures in the elderly can be treated surgically with both anterior and posterior approaches with acceptable morbidity and mortality rates. The majority of patients can be mobilized early and return to their previous levels of independence.
Can you survive a C2 fracture?
Severe C2 fractures may require surgery and physical therapy. If a C2 fracture does not result in paralysis, the victim may experience pain or problems moving the head until the fracture completely heals. The prognosis for a C2 fracture is typically good if the fracture didn’t cause paralysis.
What is the treatment for Odontoid fracture?
Unstable and/or dislocated displaced odontoid fractures are treated by anterior osteosynthesis with 1 or 2 screws. The technique is demanding and leads to elevated complication and failure rates if modifiers are apparent. In these cases, posterior instrumentation or fusion of C1 and C2 is favorable.
How serious is C2 fracture?
C2 fractures are associated with a 20% and 40% increased risk of mortality within 3 months and 2 years, respectively. The majority of C2 fracture types are type-II dens fractures. This is troublesome because these have a pseudoarthrosis (non-union) rate that exceeds 50%.
How serious is a C2 neck fracture?
What happens if a C2 fracture doesn’t heal?
However, it can be an unstable fracture, which means the bones might move if it’s not treated. If that happens, it can damage the spinal cord, which can cause pain, paralysis, or even death.
What percentage of people survive a C2 fracture?
Results. The most common mechanism of injury was a fall from standing height (n=52, 74.3%). Mortality rates were 14.3% (n=10) at day 30, and 35.7% (n=25) at 1 year.
How long does it take to heal C2 fracture?
Odontoid fractures. Treatment for type I C2 (axis) fractures is hard-collar immobilization for 6-8 weeks, which usually is quite successful. Type II fractures can be managed conservatively or surgically.