What is integrated disease management?
Integrated disease management is the practice of using a range of measures to prevent and manage diseases in crops. Hazard analysis is used to identify the potential for infection so that preventative or curative measures can be put in place to minimise the risk of disease infection and spread.
What are the principles of integrated disease management?
The six fundamental principles of disease management are exclusion, eradication, protection, resistance, therapy, and avoidance of insect vectors and weed hosts.
What are the major diseases of wheat?
Of the 31 pest and pathogens reported in wheat, fungal diseases as leaf rust, Fusarium head blight, Septoria leaf blotch, stripe rust, spot blotch, tan spot, and powdery mildew cause the most serious losses. Wheat diseases also cause alterations in chemical properties and quality (Gaju et al., 2014).
Which fungicide is best for wheat?
You should avoid applying the same active ingredient multiple times during the growing season to the same wheat field. Since Prosaro (prothioconazole + tebuconazole) and Caramba (metconazole) are your best fungicides for managing scab and vomitoxin, make sure you have the option of using one or the other at flowering.
What is the importance of IDM?
The basic objectives of any IDM program should be to achieve at least the following: reduce the possibility of introducing diseases into the crop. avoid creating conditions suitable for disease establishment and spread. Simultaneous management of multiple pathogens.
What is integrated disease management PDF?
“Integrated Disease Management is refers to the management of plant disease through the means. of biological, cultural, mechanical and chemical method in systematic manner”
What is the management of wheat?
Management involves avoidance of susceptible wheat products and use of a triazole fungicide applied at early flowering when weather conditions are conducive for spore production. The effectiveness of tillage and crop rotation may be limited because spores can blow in from neighboring fields.
Which disease is known as killer disease of wheat?
Wheat black stem rust, one of the most damaging diseases of wheat, had largely been under control for more than three decades when, in 1999, a new race of the fungus causing the disease was identified in the fields of Uganda.
Which pesticide is used in wheat?
The most commonly used insecticides against insect attack during wheat grain storage are organochlorines, organophosphates, and synthetic pyrethroids.
When is the best time to spray fungicide on wheat?
Once wheat begins flowering, there is about a 5-6 day window to apply a fungicide. You can also spray a bit later and still get some efficacy from these products, but not as much as targeting early flowering. The labels state the last stage of application is mid-flower and there is a 30-day to harvest restriction.
Why is disease management important?
Disease management programs are designed to improve the health of persons with chronic conditions and reduce associated costs from avoidable complications by identifying and treating chronic conditions more quickly and more effectively, thus slowing the progression of those diseases.
What is the importance of IPM and IDM?
IPM/IDM in the broad sense has been defined as “the optimization of pest/pathogen control in an economically and ecologically sound manner, accomplished by the coordinated use of multiple tactics to assure stable crop production and to maintain pathogen pest damage below the economic injury level while minimizing …
How can we control wheat pest?
The spray of imidacloprid @ 20 g a.i. per ha initially on border rows and if infestation is severe then in entire field will give good protection against this pest. Generally, natural enemies present in the field help in controlling the population of this pest. areas also. sucking mouth parts.
What is the management of grain?
Proper management of stored grain begins with sanitation of bins, equipment, and the surrounding grounds before the grain is harvested. Each bin should be emptied of last year’s grain if possible and cleaned thoroughly before any new grain is introduced.
What are two common diseases of wheat?
Wheat: Diseases and Symptoms
- Powdery mildew.
- Loose smut.
- Brown rust.
- Stripe rust /Yellow rust.
- Black rust.
- Flag smut.
- Hill bunt or Stinking smut.
- Karnal bunt.
How do you control rust on wheat?
Fungicides. Good control of wheat rusts can be achieved with commercially available fungicides and proper application timing. The decision to use fungicides should be based on scouting for symptoms. It’s important to assess disease severity from the onset of infection through the various growth stages.
How do you control weeds in wheat?
Weed Management :: Wheat. Spray Isoproturon 800 g/ha as pre-emergence spraying 3 days after sowing followed by one hand weeding on 35th day after sowing. If herbicide is not applied, give two hand weedings on 20th and 35th day after sowing.
How do you control yellow rust in wheat?
If the yellow rust is noticed in the wheat crop, it is advised to spray the crop with Propiconazole (Tilt) 25 EC @ 0.1 % (1 ml / litre) using power sprayer or tractor mounted boom sprayers. 0.5 litre per hectare of the fungicide shall be sufficient to effectively cover the wheat crop.
What is T3 timing in wheat?
T3 Prevent the crop from late yield robbers and maintains grain quality. When the ear has fully emerged from the leaf sheath, then the crop has reached GS 59. Anthesis, or flowering, then starts, when the dusty pollen is released from the ear.
What is the best time to spray fungicide?
Start applications prior to or when symptoms first develop, and are at a low severity. Fungicides have little to no curative activity, and curative use can promote development of fungicide resistance.
How can we control wheat disease?
Use of tillage and crop rotation can help in the management of diseases that survive in the soil or crop residue because it breaks the organism’s life cycle by removing the host or interrupting winter survival. Broad fungicide seed treatments are commonly used on commercial wheat seed.
What strategies are used in disease management?
Reduce the infection rate.
- Avoidance. Reduce the rate of production of inoculum, the rate of infection or the rate of development of the pathogen by selecting a season or a site where the environment is not favorable.
- Exclusion.
- Eradication.
- Protection.
- Resistance.
- Therapy.
What are the 4 principles of integrated pest management?
Successful IPM programs use this four-tiered implementation approach:
- Identify pests and monitor progress.
- Set action threshholds.
- Prevent.
- Control.
What are the 4 methods of integrated pest management?
Pest management methods fall into four groups: cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical.
What pesticide is used on wheat?
Glyphosate
Glyphosate is one product commonly used by wheat growers that is very effective at controlling grass weeds prior to planting or after wheat is harvested. The Facts: What is Glyphosate? Glyphosate is the active ingredient in many “non-selective” herbicide formulations used to control weeds.