What is the full meaning of CNS?
central nervous system
The brain and spinal cord. Also called central nervous system.
How many parts are there in the CNS name them?
The central nervous system (defined as the brain and spinal cord) is usually considered to have seven basic parts: the spinal cord, the medulla, the pons, the cerebellum, the midbrain, the diencephalon, and the cerebral hemispheres (Figure 1.10; see also Figure 1.8).
Where is the CNS located in the body?
The central nervous system (CNS) includes the nerves in the brain and spinal cord. It is safely contained within the skull and vertebral canal of the spine. All of the other nerves in the body are part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
What 3 parts make up the CNS?
The central nervous system (CNS) is made up of the brain, cerebellum and the spinal cord.
How does CNS work?
Central nervous system (CNS): Your brain and spinal cord make up your CNS. Your brain uses your nerves to send messages to the rest of your body. Each nerve has a protective outer layer called myelin. Myelin insulates the nerve and helps the messages get through.
Who discovered the CNS?
Herophilus
Herophilus was the first to examine and report on the structure of the nervous system. He was able to do this by dissecting human cadavers [19], a practice that was in many places abandoned until the sixteenth century CE [20]. This method allowed him to make many discoveries.
What are the 4 types of nerves?
It is conventional, however, to describe nerve types on the basis of their function: motor, sensory, autonomic or cranial.
- Motor Nerves.
- Sensory Nerves.
- Autonomic Nerves.
- Cranial Nerves.
What is function of CNS?
The central nervous system is the body’s processing centre. The brain controls most of the functions of the body, including awareness, movement, thinking, speech, and the 5 senses of seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting and smelling. The spinal cord is an extension of the brain.
How does the CNS work?
The central nervous system CNS is responsible for integrating sensory information and responding accordingly. It consists of two main components: The spinal cord serves as a conduit for signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It also controls simple musculoskeletal reflexes without input from the brain.
What are the two main organs of the CNS?
The nervous system has two main parts: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
What are CNS diseases?
Central nervous system (CNS) disease is a broad category of conditions in which the brain does not function as it should, limiting health and the ability to function.
Who defined the 5 kinds of nerves?
The Islamic medical philosopher Avicenna wrote in the early eleventh century that “Nerves are one of the ‘simple members’ — homogeneous, indivisible, the ‘elementary tissues’ (others include the bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, arteries, veins, membranes, and flesh).” He offered a more precise physical description …
What is the largest nerve in the body?
Sciatic Nerve
Sciatic Nerve and Sciatica. The sciatic nerve is the longest, largest nerve in your body. Your sciatic nerve roots start in your lower back and run down the back of each leg.
What are the 12 cranial nerves names?
In higher vertebrates (reptiles, birds, mammals) there are 12 pairs of cranial nerves: olfactory (CN I), optic (CN II), oculomotor (CN III), trochlear (CN IV), trigeminal (CN V), abducent (or abducens; CN VI), facial (CN VII), vestibulocochlear (CN VIII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX), vagus (CN X), accessory (CN XI), and …
What are the main organs involved in the CNS?
The brain and spinal cord are the organs of the central nervous system. Because they are so vitally important, the brain and spinal cord, located in the dorsal body cavity, are encased in bone for protection. The brain is in the cranial vault, and the spinal cord is in the vertebral canal of the vertebral column.
What are the 3 types of neurons?
For the spinal cord though, we can say that there are three types of neurons: sensory, motor, and interneurons.
- Sensory neurons.
- Motor neurons.
- Interneurons.
- Neurons in the brain.
What makes up the CNS?
The brain and the spinal cord make up the central nervous system. They are wrapped in a thin lining called meninges and bathed with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What is the purpose of the CNS?
What are the 4 regions of the brain?
Each brain hemisphere (parts of the cerebrum) has four sections, called lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital. Each lobe controls specific functions.
What causes damage to CNS?
Injuries (trauma), especially injuries to the head and spinal cord. Problems that are present at birth (congenital). Mental health problems, such as anxiety disorders, depression, or psychosis. Exposure to toxins, such as carbon monoxide, arsenic, or lead.
What causes CNS infection?
Bacteria, fungi and viruses are the most common causes of CNS infections. Central nervous system infections caused by bacteria or fungi can cause illnesses such as: Brain abscesses. This is a collection of pus and infected tissue within the brain.
What is the smallest nerve?
Trochlear nerve
Trochlear nerve is the smallest cranial nerve. Out of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves, the fourth paired cranial nerve, the trochlear nerve is the smallest of all by virtue of the number of axons.
Which is the longest cell?
neuron
The longest cell of the body is the neuron. The axon of the neuron forms the nerve fibre and extends throughout the length of the body from the ganglia.
What are the 31 pairs of spinal nerves?
In humans there are 31 pairs: 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each pair connects the spinal cord with a specific region of the body. Near the spinal cord each spinal nerve branches into two roots.
What are brain cells called?
The central nervous system (which includes the brain and spinal cord) is made up of two basic types of cells: neurons (1) and glia (4) & (6). Glia outnumber neurons in some parts of the brain, but neurons are the key players in the brain.