What is the UK marine area?
The UK marine area extends over some 867,400 km2, an area equivalent to some 3.5 times the UK terrestrial extent1. It is rich in marine life and natural resources2, which form the basis of human economic activities estimated to be worth £46 billion in 2005-063 (Box 1).
How does marine spatial planning work?
Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) is a participative decision-making process that guides where and when human activities occur in marine spaces, providing for comprehensive, integrated and complementary planning and management across all sectors and for all ocean uses in order to enable sustainable ocean development”. b.
How many marine plans are there?
The Government has adopted and published the North East, North West, South East and South West Marine Plans. The publication of these four marine plans follows the adoption of the East Marine Plan in 2014 and the South Marine Plan in 2018.
How many MPAs are in the UK?
178 MPAs
Our seas have a great variety of marine life and habitats, many of which are rare and of national importance. Marine protected areas (MPAs) help make sure that these are guarded from the increasing pressures of human activity. There are 178 MPAs in English waters, covering 51% of inshore and 37% of offshore waters.
What is the importance of marine spatial planning?
Marine spatial planning is an important tool to achieve EBM because it provides a practical decision-making process for implementing many of EBM’s core elements. MSP creates a blueprint for ocean use and conservation by: bringing together diverse ocean users. creating a comprehensive picture of the ocean.
What are the benefits of marine spatial planning?
Marine spatial planning can also help create a better linkage between science and management. The process of mapping physical and ecological information involves the collation and application of existing data to relevant management issues.
How many marine protected areas are there in the UK?
Marine Conservation Zones are areas that protect a range of nationally important, rare or threatened habitats and species. There are 91 MCZs in waters around England. You can see where the zones are on JNCC ‘s interactive map.
Does the UK have no fish zones?
2 no take zones : Lamlash Bay on the east coast of Arran, and around Lundy in Devon. 1 Marine Conservation Zone (MCZ) around Lundy in Devon. In England there are also 28 SSSIs that are not part of SACs but have marine features.
What is the meaning of spatial planning?
Spatial planning involves attempts to plan processes of social, economic, and environmental change to bring about certain ends, together with drawing up plans, maps, or diagrams that indicate where sociospatial activities should take place.
What do you mean by Iczm?
Integrated coastal zone management
Integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is a dynamic, multidisciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones. It covers the full cycle of information collection, planning (in its broadest sense), decision making, management and monitoring of implementation.
What are the benefits of marine spatial planning in ecosystem based management approach?
Coastal and marine spatial planning (CMSP) is a tool to implement ecosystem-based management. It can help protect, maintain, and restore ocean ecosystem health; reduce user conflicts; and foster sustainable development.
How many marine conservation zones are there in the UK?
How many no take zones in the UK?
There are currently four such zones in the UK: in the Medway estuary, at Flamborough Head on the north Yorkshire coast, and near Lundy island, Devon – which has seen a remarkable rise in the lobster population.
What are the types of spatial planning?
Discrete professional disciplines which involve spatial planning include land use, urban, regional, transport and environmental planning. Other related areas are also important, including economic and community planning, as well as maritime spatial planning.
What are the principles of spatial planning?
There are four spatial principles, which are central to creating positive settlements. These are definition, scale, flexibility and intensity of space-use. In positive environments the public space is defined by buildings and other space-defining elements, such as walls and planting.
What is the difference between SMP and ICZM?
The SMP is, as its name suggests, a plan for the management of the shoreline, and as such has limited scope. The ICZM Plan, on the other hand, lays out policies for managing all aspects of the coastal zone.
Why is ICZM necessary?
It attempts to consider and streamline cooperation among a range of stakeholders and government agencies. The overarching aim of ICZM is sustainability, while achieving the best possible outcomes for both large-scale and local-scale issues concerning society, the environment and the economy.
Can you fish in a marine conservation zone?
As of 2021 angling has not been banned within any Marine Conservation Zone designated under this process in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.
Can I fish in a marine conservation zone?
What are spatial planning tools?
An essential element for the implementation of the EAA will be the use of spatial planning tools including Geographic Information Systems, remote sensing and mapping for data management, analysis, modelling and decision-making.
What are the objectives of spatial planning?
Spatial planning comprises measures to coordinate and improve the spatial impacts of other sectoral policies so as to achieve a more even distribution of economic development within a given territory than would otherwise be created by market forces.
Why was ICZM introduced?
The overarching aim of ICZM is sustainability, while achieving the best possible outcomes for both large-scale and local-scale issues concerning society, the environment and the economy. ICZM is a dynamic, multidisciplinary and iterative process to promote sustainable management of coastal zones.
What are the objectives of integrated coastal zone management?
The overall goal of the ICZM-type programme is to ensure optimum sustainable use of coastal natural resources, perpetual maintenance of high levels of biodiversity, and real conservation of critical habitats.
How does ICZM protect the coastline?
ICZM is a holistic approach used to manage coasts. It dates from the Rio Earth Summit in 1992 and has a number of key characteristics: The entire coastal zone is managed, not just the narrow zone where breaking waves cause erosion and flooding. This includes all ecosystems, resources and human activity in the zone.
What are the disadvantages of marine protected areas?
The disadvantages of large MPAs include difficulties of surveillance, enforcement and monitoring of vast offshore areas, as well as high total costs. While the cost per unit area may be lower for large MPAs, conducting surveillance and monitoring in such vast areas requires much more expensive technologies.