What is the working principle of a centrifugal pump?
The basic principle of operation of centrifugal pumps is – force vortex flow. This means, when a body of liquid is acted upon by an external torque, it increases the pressure head of the rotating liquid. This increase in pressure is directly proportional to the velocity of the liquid.
Which kind of motor is used in centrifugal pump?
DC shunt motor: It is an almost constant speed motor. Hence it is used for driving constant speed line shafts, lathes, centrifugal pumps, small printing presses, paper making machines, etc.
What is the basic principle of pump?
A pump is used to move fluids by using forces like air. Air moves forward from the way because the moving element starts to move. Generally, these are activated with electric motors that drive a compressor. Thus, a partial vacuum can be created because of the water movement, later it is filled with additional air.
What are the 3 types of centrifugal pumps?
Single-stage, Two-stage, or Multi-stage.
What is centrifugal pump diagram?
The working principle of a centrifugal pump is based on forced vortex flow. The forced vortex flow means that when a certain mass of fluid rotates by an external force (leading to an external torque), there is an increase in the pressure head of the liquid.
What is the principle of centrifugal pump and reciprocating pump?
Reciprocating Pump is a Positive Displacement type pump that works on the principle of movement of the piston in forwarding and backward directions whereas the Centrifugal pump uses the kinetic energy of the impeller to supply the liquid from one place to another place.
How electric motor is selected for centrifugal pump?
When choosing a motor for a centrifugal pump, you must consider the impeller size, maximum capacity, specific gravity of the fluid, and service application in case API requirements apply. If you take these things into account, you will select the right motor for your centrifugal pump application.
What are the 2 types of pumps?
Main Types of Pumps: Centrifugal and Positive Displacement.
What is the flow of centrifugal pump?
Centrifugal pumps generate flow by using one of three actions: radial flow, mixed flow, or axial flow. Axial flow pumps are characterized by high flow and low pressure.
What are the 2 main classification of pumps?
What are the main parts of centrifugal pump?
Main Parts of a Centrifugal Pump
- Impeller. An impeller is a rotor used to increase the kinetic energy of the flow.
- Casing (Volute). The casing contains the liquid and acts as a pressure containment vessel that directs the liquid flow in and out of the centrifugal pump.
- Shaft (Rotor).
- Shaft sealing.
- Bearings.
What is difference between reciprocating pump and centrifugal pump?
The reciprocating pump provides a nearly constant flow rate over a wider range of pressure; the centrifugal pump gives uniform pressure over a range of flow, then it drops dramatically as the flow rate increases. On a reciprocating pump, fluid viscosity has little effect on the flow rate as the pressure increases.
Which motor is suitable for pump?
The motor type used on most hydraulic pump drives is the 3-phase, squirrel cage, induction motor, of integral HP in therange of 1 to 500 HP.
How do you size an electric motor for a pump?
The power required to drive the pump at the rated design condition should always be less than the nameplate horsepower rating of the motor. So if the pump will require 4.5 HP at the design condition, at a minimum, the motor should be sized for 5 HP – the next nominal size above 4.5 HP.
What is the use of impeller?
An impeller or impellor is a rotor used to increase the pressure and flow of a fluid. It is the opposite of a turbine, which extracts energy from, and reduces the pressure of, a flowing fluid.
What is impeller in pump?
An impeller is a rotating iron or steel disc with vanes in a centrifugal pump. Impellers transfer energy from the motor that drives the pump to the fluid being pumped by accelerating the fluid radially outwards from the centre of rotation.
What is the formula of centrifugal pump?
The centrifugal pump discharge formula is Q = π.
B1 and B2 = Width of the impeller at inlet and outlet. Vf1 and Vf2 = Flow velocity and inlet and outlet.
What are the parts of centrifugal pump?
What is the capacity of centrifugal pump?
A centrifugal pump with a capacity of 100–200 gallons per minute (gpm) with proper NPSH calculated on the basis of water temperature of 200°F (93.3°C) is used for pumping water through the system.
Why is it called centrifugal pump?
A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device designed to move a fluid by means of the transfer of rotational energy from one or more driven rotors, called impellers. Fluid enters the rapidly rotating impeller along its axis and is cast out by centrifugal force along its circumference through the impeller’s vane tips.
What is efficiency of centrifugal pump?
Centrifugal pumps can approach 94 percent efficiency, but typical efficiencies are 55 percent for small pumps and 70 percent for large pumps. The amount of electrical energy used by the pumps in an average industrial facility will vary by plant type.
How do you calculate pump size?
Use the pump flowrate calculation: Divide the container volume by the length of time it took to fill up to get the flow rate. 5 gallons / 1 minute = 5 gallons per minute. 5 gallons /30 seconds (0.5 minutes) = 10 gallons per minute.
What is the formula of pump power?
Pump Power calculation Formula:
Pump Power P(kW) = q(m3/hr) x ρ(kg/m3) x g(m2/s) x h(m) x p(Pa) / 3600000. The same way pump power in horsepower formula can be written as, Pump Power P(HP) = q(m3/hr) x ρ(kg/m3) x g(m2/s) x h(m) x p(Pa) / 2685600. Also above pump power is required to lift the liquid to head meters.
What are the 3 types of impellers?
The impeller of a centrifugal pump can be of three basic types:
- Open impeller. Open impellers have the vanes free on both sides.
- Semi-open impeller. The vanes are free on one side and enclosed on the other.
- Closed impeller. The vanes are located between the two discs, all in a single casting.
What are the two types of impellers?
The 4 Main Impeller Types
- Airfoil. Generally most efficient because it produces the maximum pumping with the lowest shear.
- Pitch Blade. Ideal for viscous mixtures and for applications requiring a combination of pumping and shearing.
- Radial Blade.
- Marine-Type Propellers.