Where are BCH codes used?
BCH codes are used in applications such as satellite communications, compact disc players, DVDs, disk drives, USB flash drives, solid-state drives, quantum-resistant cryptography and two-dimensional bar codes.
What is the key feature of BCH code?
One of the key features of BCH codes is that during code design, there is a precise control over the number of symbol errors correctable by the code. In particular, it is possible to design binary BCH codes that can correct multiple bit errors.
What is BCH and RS code?
The RS code is a subset of the BCH code. The coding process of the BCH is simple to implement. The decoding process of the BCH codes is relatively simple. The RS code is more suitable for concatenated codes.
How does Reed Solomon code work?
Reed–Solomon codes are able to detect and correct multiple symbol errors. By adding t = n − k check symbols to the data, a Reed–Solomon code can detect (but not correct) any combination of up to t erroneous symbols, or locate and correct up to ⌊t/2⌋ erroneous symbols at unknown locations.
What is the difference between IBC code and BCH code?
But the main difference between these codes lies in its applicability. The BCH code is applicable to the chemical tankers built before 1 July 1986. The IBC code is applicable to the chemical tankers built after 1 July 1986.
How do turbo codes work?
Turbo codes are a much more developed way of integrating information redundancy. They are based on the transmission of the initial message in three copies. The first copy is the raw, non-encoded information. The second is modified by encoding each bit of information using an algorithm shared by the coder and decoder.
What is the difference between IBC and BCH code?
How do you calculate error in Hamming code?
Decoding a message in Hamming Code
- Step 1 − Calculation of the number of redundant bits.
- Step 2 − Positioning the redundant bits.
- Step 3 − Parity checking.
- Step 4 − Error detection and correction.
What is the minimum distance of a RS code?
When q = 2m, the RS code parameters are n = m(2m − 1), n − k = 2mt, and dmin = 2mt + 1. Therefore, the minimum distance of RS codes, when observed as binary codes, is large. The RS codes may be considered as burst error correcting codes, and as such are suitable for bursty-error-prone channels.
What is Reed-Solomon used for?
reed-solomon codes. Reed-Solomon codes are block-based error correcting codes with a wide range of applications in digital communications and storage. Reed-Solomon codes are used to correct errors in many systems including: Storage devices (including tape, Compact Disk, DVD, barcodes, etc)
Are Reed-Solomon codes systematic?
If k<n, then the code RS(k; x1,…,xn) has dimension k and minimum distance n−k +1. The code is thus MDS. RS-codes, as described here, are non-systematic.
What are the 3 types of chemical tanker?
´Today we have three distinct type of chemical tankers:
- Parcel chemical tankers:
- Dedicated Chemical tankers: These usually carry a single cargo such as methanol, a particular acid, molten sulphur or phosphorus or sometimes even orange juice and wine!
- Product cum Chemical tankers:
What are the 5 Classification of tankers basis on size?
Tanker size and classes: The size of tankers is measured in DWT i.e. Dead Weight Tons and as per their size they are classified as follows: Seawaymax, Panamax, Aframax, Suezmax, VLCC (Very large crude carrier) and ULCC (ultra large crude carrier).
Why interleaver is used in turbo code?
In Turbo codes, the interleaver is used to reduce the correlation between the check bits, and then reduce the bit error rate in the iterative decoding process.
What is turbo encoder and decoder?
A basic turbo encoder consists of two or more component encoders concatenated in parallel and separated by an interleaver. The turbo decoder uses soft decision to decode the bits and the decoding is done in an iterative fashion to increase reliability of the decision.
What is full form of BCH code?
Code for the Construction Equipment of Ships Carrying Dangerous Chemicals in Bulk. (BCH Code)
Why Hamming codes are used?
Hamming code is an error correction system that can detect and correct errors when data is stored or transmitted. It requires adding additional parity bits with the data. It is commonly used in error correction code (ECC) RAM.
Can Hamming code detect 3 bit errors?
– Gareth T. @GarethT. : Hamming(8,4) is an “extended” Hamming code – ie. it’s Hamming(7,4) with an extra parity bit. That extra parity bit makes he code have a minimum hamming distance of 4 ( d = 4 ), so it can detect (up to) 3-bit errors ( d – 1 = 3 ) or correct 1-bit errors ( (d – 1) / 2 = 1 ).
What is code distance?
The distance d of the linear code is the minimum weight of its nonzero codewords, or equivalently, the minimum distance between distinct codewords. A linear code of length n, dimension k, and distance d is called an [n,k,d] code.
What is the meaning of block code?
What Does Block Code Mean? In software programming, a block code is used to convert software code or an algorithm into any particular form so that errors, if any, in the code can be minimized. Block code can also be applied in the domains of telecommunications, information theory and coding theory.
How many errors can Reed-Solomon detect?
16 symbol errors
There are n-k parity symbols of s bits each. A Reed-Solomon decoder can correct up to t symbols that contain errors in a codeword, where 2t = n-k. The decoder can correct any 16 symbol errors in the code word: i.e. errors in up to 16 bytes anywhere in the codeword can be automatically corrected.
What is difference between BCH and IBC Code?
What is Type 2 vessel?
A type 2 ship is a chemical tanker intended to transport chapter 17 products with appreciably severe environmental and safety hazards which require significant preventive measures to preclude an escape of such cargo.
What are the 2 types of oil tankers?
There are two basic types of oil tankers: crude tankers and product tankers. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of extraction to refineries. Product tankers, generally much smaller, are designed to move refined products from refineries to points near consuming markets.
What are 5 types of container ships?
Container ships are categorised into seven major categories, depending on their size. These include Small feeder ships, feeder ships, feeder max, Panamax, Post-Panamax, New Panamax and Ultra Large.