What are the symptoms of Auriculotemporal neuralgia?
Auriculotemporal neuralgia (ATN) is an infrequent form of facial pain. It is strictly unilateral and side-locked, perceived mainly in the temporal scalp, temporomandibular joint, parotid and auricular regions. Intensity ranges from moderate to severe and usually associates paroxysmal exacerbations of stabbing pain.
What is the function of the auriculotemporal nerve?
The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the mandibular nerve that provides sensation to several regions on the side of your head, including the jaw, ear, and scalp. For much of its course through the structures of your head and face, it runs along the superficial temporal artery and vein.
What muscles does the auriculotemporal nerve innervate?
The auriculotemporal nerve has five main branches. These are the anterior auricular, articular, parotid, superficial temporal, and also branches to the external auditory meatus. The anterior auricular branches innervate the skin overlying the tragus, as well as the adjacent part of the helix.
Does auriculotemporal nerve innervate TMJ?
This nerve, as it courses posteriorly to the condylar head, is frequently injured in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery, causing an ipsilateral paresthesia of the auricle and skin surrounding the ear. It is the main nerve that supplies the TMJ, along with branches of the masseteric nerve and the deep temporal.
What causes auriculotemporal nerve pain?
The auriculotemporal nerve can be compressed by fascial tissue bands, squeezed by an overlying blood vessel, or damaged by parotid surgery. Damage to the auriculotemporal nerve can trigger headaches or facial pain, especially around the temporomandibular joint near the ear.
What causes Frey’s syndrome?
The most widely held theory is that Frey syndrome results from simultaneous damage to sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves in the region of the face or neck near the parotid glands.
What happens in Frey’s syndrome?
The characteristic symptom of Frey syndrome is gustatory sweating, which is excessive sweating on the cheek, forehead, and around the ears shortly after eating certain foods, specifically foods that produce a strong salivary response such as sour, spicy or salty foods.
What is auricular neuralgia?
Great Auricular Neuralgia. Description: A disorder characterized by unilateral brief stabbing pain, abrupt in onset and termination, in the distribution of the great auricular nerve (preauricular, parotid and jaw angle and/or posteroinferior pinna and mastoid).
What is Ross syndrome?
Ross syndrome (RS) is a rare disorder of the peripheral autonomic nervous system that is characterized by the triad: tonic pupils, reduced or loss of deep tendon reflexes (hyporeflexia or areflexia), and anhidrosis or hypohidrosis.
What is Fred syndrome?
Summary. Frey syndrome is a rare disorder that most often occurs as a result of surgery in the area near the parotid glands. The parotid glands are the largest salivary glands in the body located just below the ears on either side of the face.
Does Freys syndrome go away?
After parotidectomy, a barrier needs to be reconstructed to prevent the salivary nerves and sweat glands from making contact with one another. If this barrier is created, the risk of Frey’s Syndrome is virtually eliminated.
How do you test for Frey’s syndrome?
Diagnosis of Frey syndrome is based on clinical history, but confirmatory testing can be done with a Minor starch-iodine test. The starch-iodine test consists of painting the patient’s postsurgical affected region with iodine. Once dry, dry starch is then applied to the painted area, and a salivary stimulus is given.
What does the greater auricular nerve affect?
The greater auricular nerve provides sensory innervation to the earlobe and the angle of the mandible. Injury results in paresthesia in the region of innervation. The transverse cervical nerve provides sensory innervation in the region of the anterior cervical triangle.
What causes Frey syndrome?
What is Holmes-Adie syndrome?
General Discussion. Adie syndrome, or Holmes-Adie syndrome, is a rare neurological disorder affecting the pupil of the eye. In most patients the pupil is larger than normal (dilated) and slow to react in response to direct light. Absent or poor tendon reflexes are also associated with this disorder.
What is Harlequin syndrome?
Harlequin ichthyosis is a severe genetic disorder that affects the skin. Infants with this condition are born prematurely with very hard, thick skin covering most of their bodies. The skin forms large, diamond-shaped plates that are separated by deep cracks (fissures).
How is Frey’s syndrome diagnosed?
A diagnosis of Frey syndrome is made based upon identification of characteristic symptoms, a detailed patient history, a thorough clinical evaluation and a specialized test called the minor iodine-starch test. During this test, an iodine solution is applied to the affected areas of the face.
What’s Frey’s syndrome?
Frey syndrome is a postoperative phenomenon following salivary gland surgery and less commonly neck dissection, facelift procedures, and trauma that is characterized by gustatory sweating and flushing. Frey syndrome was first described by Lucie Frey in 1923 and was termed auriculotemporal syndrome.
What happens in Freys syndrome?
Why does my auricular nerve hurt?
The great auricular nerve can be damaged by the neck surgery, tumor, and long-time pressure on the neck. But, great auricular neuralgia is very rare condition. It was managed by several medication and landmark-based great auricular nerve block with poor prognosis.
How does Horner’s syndrome occur?
Horner syndrome is caused by damage to a certain pathway in the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system regulates heart rate, pupil size, perspiration, blood pressure and other functions that enable you to respond quickly to changes in your environment.
How do you test for Adies syndrome?
A diagnosis of Adie syndrome can be made by a thorough clinical evaluation and a detailed patient history. A complete eye examination by an ophthalmologist is recommended. An eye doctor may use water-downed (diluted) pilocarpine to test the pupil’s reaction.
What is Bart’s syndrome?
Barth syndrome is a rare condition characterized by an enlarged and weakened heart (dilated cardiomyopathy ), weakness in muscles used for movement (skeletal myopathy), recurrent infections due to small numbers of white blood cells (neutropenia), and short stature.
What is North South syndrome?
Harlequin syndrome, also known as “North–South Syndrome” or “Dual Circulation,” occurs when there is an area of watershed within the aorta where the ECMO oxygenated blood from the femoral artery meets the low oxygenated blood from the impaired lungs, during peripheral VA-ECMO.
Is Frey’s syndrome permanent?
Although potentially embarrassing and inconvenient, Frey’s syndrome is otherwise harmless and treatable. Various topical medications are available with varying degrees of temporary relief. Permanent resolution of Frey’s syndrome is available through a reconstructive procedure of a usually unaddressed parotid defect.