What is myocardial reinfarction?
Recurrent MI or reinfarction is defined as recurrence of clinical signs and symptoms of ischemia in patients with previously diagnosed MI, with accompanying electrocardiographic changes and raised serum biomarker levels consistent with myocardial necrosis [1].
What indicates myocardial injury?
Symptoms of acute myocardial infarction include chest pain or discomfort with or without dyspnea, nausea, and diaphoresis. Women and patients with diabetes are more likely to present with atypical symptoms, and 20% of acute MI are silent. Diagnosis is by ECG and cardiac markers.
How is reinfarction diagnosed?
The only way to confirm a diagnosis of reinfarction is to document raising titres of cardiac enzymes and second peaking of CPK MB . New fresh ST elevation after a succesful thrombolysis is also a useful sign. But ST elevation in a q lead simply reflects a wall motion defect . So it requires enzymes to confirm it.
How do I stop reinfarction?
The clinical trials for prevention of reinfarction showed that the correction of risk factors and the use of anticoagulation and/or antiaggregation therapy, beta-blockers or Ca(++)-antagonist drugs, must be chosen in relation to the myocardial damage related to previous infarct.
What is the difference between myocardial infarction and myocardial injury?
Specifically, myocardial injury is defined by at least 1 cardiac troponin concentration above the 99th percentile upper reference limit. Myocardial infarction is a form of myocardial injury but requires clinical evidence of acute myocardial ischemia.
What medication is used for myocardial infarction that reduces reinfarction and mortality?
Aspirin (Ascriptin, Bayer Aspirin, Aspirtab, Ecotrin, Durlaza) Early administration of aspirin in patients with acute myocardial infarction has been shown to reduce cardiac mortality rate by 23% in the first month.
What is a good CK level?
In a healthy adult, the serum CK level varies with a number of factors (gender, race and activity), but normal range is 22 to 198 U/L (units per liter). Higher amounts of serum CK can indicate muscle damage due to chronic disease or acute muscle injury.
Is myoglobin a marker of myocardial infarction?
Myoglobin is the earliest known, commercially available, biochemical marker of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its rapid kinetics make it an early, good marker of reperfusion. However, since myoglobin is present in both skeletal and cardiac muscle, any damage to these muscle types results in its release into blood.
How long does it take for myoglobin to increase after myocardial infarction?
All the patients with myocardial infarct who had been transferred to our Coronary Care Unit showed raised serum myoglobin levels already 4 hours after symptoms commenced, the maximum being reached after 10 hours. 20 hours after myocardial infarction normal values were once again registered.
What is a normal myoglobin level in a heart attack?
The serum myoglobin level was determined in 45 healthy persons and 64 patients of whom 43 had a recent proven myocardial infarct. The normal myoglobin value was found to ae 43.7 +/- 16.0 ng/ml.
Is creatine kinase activity related to myoglobin concentration in acute myocardial infarction?
Serum myoglobin concentration and creatine kinase activity were measured serially in 70 consecutive patients presenting within four hours of the onset of symptoms of suspected acute myocardial infarction.