What are the quality requirements of cooling water?

What are the quality requirements of cooling water?

Cooling water quality

What should be the TDS of cooling tower?

The TDS concentration of cooling tower water and the pH values depend on its original sources and on the cycle number of circulations inside the building. The TDS values change from 300 to 1,200 ppm.

What hardness should cooling tower water be?

In general, the calcium hardness in the cooling tower should be maintained within the range of 350 to 400 ppm on a non-acid treatment program. If the makeup water contains 100 ppm calcium hardness, the cycles of concentration are restricted to 3.5 to 4.0.

Which water is used in cooling tower?

This heat and evaporated water flow out the top of the tower in the form of a fine cloud-like mist. The cooled water is collected at the bottom of the tower and pumped back into the plant or building for reuse.

How do you maintain pH in a cooling tower?

What You Can Do to Balance Tower Water pH

1. Determine Water Quality. Start by measuring the water’s pH, alkalinity, hardness and conductivity.
2. Establish Target Cycles of Concentration.
3. Monitor COC and Water Performance.
4. Automate Your Processes.
5. Protect Your Equipment.
6. Work With Your Vendor.

Can we use STP water for cooling tower?

If proper planning is done, the treated wastewater can be used in cooling towers. It can save up to 10-30% on water costs while switching from freshwater to wastewater.

What is the pH of cooling tower water?

If you have doubts about the proper pH levels for your tower water, ask your water treatment company for recommendations. A pH between 6.5 and 7.5 is generally considered the ideal range for reducing scale formation, though some non-acid treatments for scale prevention can increase the cooling tower pH range up to 8.5.

What is the pH value of chilled water?

8.8 to 9.5

Closed hydronic systems, including low temperature, hot-water heating, chilled water and glycol cooling and/or heating, shall have the following water qualities: 1. pH: Maintain a value within 8.8 to 9.5. 2.

How can we reduce the hardness of cooling tower water?

Reducing the calcium hardness to 50 ppm, allows the tower to run at 7 to 8 cycles, which is equivalent to over 96% water efficiency. Hardness reduction or removal can be accomplished by lime softening, sodium ion exchange (water softener) or reverse osmosis.

Is RO water good for cooling tower?

Utilizing reverse osmosis water within the cooling water industries can save on the cooling tower chemicals. Low operating cost, compact size, reduced footprint, and high quality production of freshwater.

Which chemical is added in cooling tower?

Here are the main chemicals that are frequently used in cooling tower water treatment:

• Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors.
• Algaecides and Biocides.
• pH Adjusters.

What is STP in cooling tower?

Home. Ionmax Engineers.

Why is pH important in cooling tower?

Chemical control of the water in the cooling tower is critical to your cooling system and the tower’s integrity. Poor pH balance could result in expensive damage or contamination to your system. It can accelerate corrosion and reduce the longevity of your cooling tower and the connected systems.

What causes high TDS in cooling tower?

1. Through evaporation – as water evaporates in the cooling process it is required to be replaced as ‘make-up’ or ‘top-up’ water and; 2. ‘Bleed’, ‘blow-down’ or ‘dump’ cycles – as water is evaporated, concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) increase which is detrimental to the efficient operation of the unit.

Why h2so4 is used in cooling tower?

Sulfuric acid has been used to reduce alkalinity in cooling towers for decades. By neutralizing carbonate alkalinity with acid, scaling potential is reduced on heat exchangers, and often systems can be run with less water. However, handling large quantities of acid can be hazardous and requires special permitting.

What is the best pH level to maintain in a water tower?

between 6.5 and 7.5
If you have doubts about the proper pH levels for your tower water, ask your water treatment company for recommendations. A pH between 6.5 and 7.5 is generally considered the ideal range for reducing scale formation, though some non-acid treatments for scale prevention can increase the cooling tower pH range up to 8.5.

What is the temperature of cooling water?

For cooling water (16°C to 30°C), cooling towers are widely used and offer good opportunities for energy saving through low-cost actions such as VSDs for fan control. The total cost of cooling when using cooling towers is often increased substantially because of the need for Legionella controls.

What is blowdown water for cooling tower?

Blowdown: When water evaporates from the tower, dissolved solids (such as calcium, magnesium, chloride, and silica) remain in the recirculating water. As more water evaporates, the concentration of dissolved solids increases.

Why HCL is not used in cooling tower?

Cooling water is raw water that contains calcium and magnesium as hardnesses. If we dose HCL, it will form an H+ ion which forms a bond with ca+ and mg+ ion, and form salts which can cause scaling.

What is meant by COC in cooling tower?

What is COC meaning? COC or the Cycles Of Concentration is an abbreviation, used when talking about cooling water or cooling tower water. The COC specifies, how often a fresh water added into the loop, can be used or pumped around, before the water has to blown down or bleed off from the cooling tower.

What is FRC in cooling tower?

Free residual chlorine. This is the amount of chlorine available in the purified water. It helps combat secondary contamination (e.g., someone putting his or her dirty hands into the water).

Is pH 9.5 water healthy?

Unless you have a kidney disease, alkaline water doesn’t pose any serious health risks. The high pH could make your skin dry and itchy or cause an upset stomach, but that’s about all. Just because it’s safe, though, doesn’t mean it does anything for you.

What is wet bulb in cooling tower?

Wet bulb temperature essentially measures how much water vapor the atmosphere can hold at current weather conditions. A lower wet bulb temperature means the air is drier and can hold more water vapor than it can at a higher wet bulb temperature.

What is the temp of water?

Pure water freezes at 32°F (0°C) and boils at 212°F (100°C).

What is ORP cooling tower?

ORP is a measure of a solutions oxidizing or reducing strength. The chemical way to look at redox processes is that the reductant transfers electrons to the oxidant. Thus, in the reaction, the reductant or reducing agent loses electrons and is oxidized and the oxidant or oxidizing agent gains electrons and is reduced.