What is a post obstructive pneumonia?
Postobstructive pneumonia is defined as an infection of lung parenchyma secondary to bronchial obstruction (4). It is often associated with lung malignancy (see Figure 1).
What is the pathophysiology behind pneumonia?
The development of pneumonia requires that a pathogen reach the alveoli and that the host defenses are overwhelmed by microorganism virulence or by the inoculum size. The endogenous sources of microorganisms are nasal carriers, sinusitis, oropharynx, gastric, or tracheal colonization, and hematogenous spread.
What does post obstructive mean?
Definition. Post-obstructive pneumonia is defined as infection of the lung parenchyma distal to a bronchial obstruction [9].
What are the 4 different types of pneumonia?
These are:
- Bacterial pneumonia. This is caused by bacteria, the most common of which is streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Viral pneumonia. Responsible for about one-third of all pneumonia cases, this type is caused by various viruses, includingflu (influenza).
- Mycoplasma pneumonia.
- Fungal pneumonia.
How long does post obstructive diuresis last?
Physiologic POD is self-limiting and generally lasts 24 hours. Pathologic POD generally lasts longer than 48 hours and can be exacerbated with excessive intravenous fluid replacement. The treatment of urinary retention begins with immediate catheter placement to decompress the bladder.
What is the ICD 10 code for Post obstructive pneumonia?
J44. 0: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute lower respiratory infection.
What are the four pathological stages of pneumonia?
Stage 1: Congestion. Stage 2: Red hepatization. Stage 3: Grey hepatization. Stage 4: Resolution.
What is the pathophysiology of COPD?
Pathophysiology is the evolution of adverse functional changes associated with a disease. For people with COPD, this starts with damage to the airways and tiny air sacs in the lungs. Symptoms progress from a cough with mucus to difficulty breathing. The damage done by COPD can’t be undone.
Is pneumonia obstructive or restrictive?
Intrinsic restrictive disorders are those that occur due to restriction in the lungs (often a “stiffening”) and include: Pneumonia.
What is the pathophysiology of obstructive uropathy?
Pathophysiology of Obstructive Uropathy
Pathologic findings consist of dilation of the collecting ducts and distal tubules and chronic tubular atrophy with little glomerular damage.
What are the 3 major causes of pneumonia?
Viruses, bacteria, and fungi can all cause pneumonia.
What are the two most common types of pneumonia?
The main types of pneumonia are bacterial, viral, and mycoplasma pneumonia. A cough that produces green, yellow, or bloody mucus is the most common symptom of pneumonia. Other symptoms include fever, shaking chills, shortness of breath, low energy, and extreme tiredness.
How do you correct a post-obstructive diuresis?
Treatment of postobstructive diuresis consists of judicious fluid replacement with 0.45% saline (at a rate slightly less than urine output) and replacement of electrolytes. Urinary tract infections may occur due to urinary stasis.
What is the mechanism of post-obstructive diuresis?
Postobstructive diuresis is a polyuric response initiated by the kidneys after the relief of a substantial bladder outlet obstruction. In severe cases this condition can become pathologic, resulting in dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and death if not adequately treated.
How is post obstructive pneumonia treated?
The first treatment for post-obstructive pneumonia is often antibiotics, usually lasting for multiple weeks.
How do you code Post obstructive pneumonia?
J44. 1: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with (acute) exacerbation.
Is pneumonia restrictive or obstructive?
What pathologic changes are produced in the lungs because of pneumonia?
Very rarely, severe forms of pneumonia may result in the formation of lung abscess, a complete breakdown of tissue and formation of pus-filled pockets in focal areas of the lung. Also, the infection may spread to the pleural space forming a fibrinopurulent exudate filling this space- known as empyema.
What is the main pathology for obstructive lung disease?
The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on the innate and adaptive inflammatory immune response to the inhalation of toxic particles and gases.
What are the 5 obstructive lung diseases?
The following lung diseases are categorized as obstructive:
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Chronic bronchitis.
- Asthma.
- Bronchiectasis.
- Bronchiolitis.
- Cystic fibrosis.
What’s the difference between restrictive and obstructive lung disease?
Obstructive lung diseases include conditions that make it hard to exhale all the air in the lungs. People with restrictive lung disease have difficulty fully expanding their lungs with air.
What is Post obstructive uropathy?
By definition, post-obstructive diuresis is the condition of prolonged urine production of at least 200 cc for at least two consecutive hours immediately following the relief of urinary retention or similar obstructive uropathy. It may also be defined as more than 3,000 cc over 24 hours.[6]
What conditions may cause obstructed urine flow?
Various causes inside (intrinsic) or outside (extrinsic) the ureter can lead to ureteral obstruction, including: Kidney stones. Cancerous and noncancerous tumors. Blood clots.
What are the 4 stages of pneumonia symptoms?
Stages of Pneumonia
- Stage 1: Congestion. During the congestion phase, the lungs become very heavy and congested due to infectious fluid that has accumulated in the air sacs.
- Stage 2: Red hepatization.
- Stage 3: Gray hepatization.
- Stage 4: Resolution.
What are the 5 main causes of pneumonia?
Viruses, bacteria, and fungi can all cause pneumonia. In the United States, common causes of viral pneumonia are influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19). A common cause of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus).