What is the difference between selective and nonselective drugs?
Selectivity is the degree to which a drug acts on a given site relative to other sites. Relatively nonselective drugs affect many different tissues or organs. For example, atropine, a drug given to relax muscles in the digestive tract, may also relax muscles in the eyes and in the respiratory tract.
What is difference between selective and nonselective beta-blockers?
There is a clear difference between beta 1-selective and nonselective beta-blockers on quality-of-life (QOL) perception. During treatment with nonselective beta-blockers, QOL perception is lower than during treatment with beta 1-selective drugs.
What is a non-selective antagonist?
Non-selective or non-specific beta blockers
First generation beta blockers such as propranolol (and the others listed below) are non-selective or nonspecific. That means they block both beta1 and beta2 receptors and so affect the heart, lungs, vascular smooth muscles, kidneys, GI, etc.
What is a non-selective beta agonist?
Nonselective beta-blockers are drugs that work to lower arterial and venous pressure. Beta-adrenergic receptors are a type of adrenergic receptors that play a central role in the sympathetic nervous system.
What does it mean when a drug is selective?
Selectivity will be used to describe the ability of a drug to affect a particular population, i.e., gene, protein, signaling pathway, or cell, in preference to others. For example a selective drug would have the ability to discriminate between, and so affect only one cell population, and thereby produce an event.
What is non selectivity?
Definition of nonselective
: not selective: such as. a : not relating to or characterized by selection : not selecting or tending to select a nonselective school nonselective admission policies. b : not specific in activity or effect a nonselective weed killer nonselective beta blockers.
What is the difference between Cardioselective and non Cardioselective beta-blockers?
Cardioselective agents have a greater affinity for β1-adrenergic receptors located in the heart, whereas nonselective agents work on β1-adrenergic receptors and β2-adrenergic receptors located in bronchial musculature. However, at high doses cardioselectivity is lost.
Why are non selective beta-blockers contraindicated in patients with asthma?
Beta blockers are widely used in the management of cardiac conditions and thyrotoxicosis, and to reduce perioperative complications. Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been classic contraindications to the use of beta blockers because of their potential for causing bronchospasm.
What is a selective agonist?
A selective agonist is selective for a specific type of receptor. E.g. buspirone is a selective agonist for serotonin 5-HT1A.
Is epinephrine selective or nonselective?
Epinephrine is a nonselective agonist for alpha-adrenergic and beta-adrenergic receptors. The alpha-adrenergic effects increase vascular resistance and act as a potent vasopressor. The beta1-receptor effects stimulate the heart.
Is Albuterol selective or nonselective?
Lastly, beta-2 selective drugs are bronchodilators, such as albuterol and salmeterol. Adrenergic drugs can also be non-selective and bind to a combination of adrenergic receptors.
What is the difference between specific and selective?
We can have selective reactions and specific reactions. Selective means “mostly”, or “almost all”. Specific means “all”. “Selective” implies that there are factors which favor one product over the other, while “specific” is usually a sign that there’s something inherent to the mechanism that leads to only one product.
What happens if a drug is not selective?
Why are selective beta-blockers better?
Cardioselective beta-blockers may reduce peripheral vasoconstriction and fatigue. Cardioselective beta-blockers, e.g. bisoprolol and metoprolol succinate, are less likely to cause fatigue and cold extremities than non-selective beta-blockers.
What are non selective beta-blockers used for?
Beta-blockers are a class of drug commonly used to treat high blood pressure. Nonselective beta-blockers are a subclass of beta-blockers including propranolol (Inderal), nadolol (Corgard), etc. We asked how much this subclass of drugs lower blood pressure.
Which drug is a beta 2 selective agonist?
Some FDA-approved short-acting B2 agonists (SABAs) are albuterol, levalbuterol, metaproterenol, and terbutaline, and they are prescribed for bronchospasm caused by COPD, bronchial asthma, or emphysema.
Is adrenaline a non-selective agonist?
Adrenaline is a non-selective adrenergic agonist with potent β1 and moderate α1 and β2-receptor activity. Increased myocardial force of contraction (positive inotrope) and heart rate (positive chronotrope) occur as a result of β1 receptor stimulation.
Is adrenaline a non-selective beta agonist?
According to receptor selectivity they are two types: Non-selective: drugs act on one or more receptors; these are: Adrenaline (almost all adrenergic receptors).
Is epinephrine non-selective?
What is the difference between drug specificity and selectivity?
For example a selective drug would have the ability to discriminate between, and so affect only one cell population, and thereby produce an event. Specificity, a term most often confused with selectivity, will be used to describe the capacity of a drug to cause a particular action in a population.
What is difference between selectivity and specificity?
It is important to understand that the term specificity is used to tell something about the method’s ability responding to one single analyte only, while selectivity is used when the method is able to respond to several different analytes in the sample.
What makes a drug selective?
Why would you use non selective beta-blockers?
Beta-blockers are also used for migraine prophylaxis, to treat anxiety, to prevent essential tremor, and to block the side effects of hyperthyroidism. Nonspecific beta-blockers are also recommended for treatment of portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis.
What type of agonist is epinephrine?
Epinephrine is a strong β- and α-agonist and, as such, it must be used cautiously in patients with altered β- and α-receptors. Absolute contraindications to the use of epinephrine include hyperthyroidism and pheochromocytoma.
Is albuterol a selective beta agonist?
Mechanism of Action: Albuterol is a selective Beta-2 agonist primarily used to cause bronchodilation in the lungs. However, Beta-2 receptors in the heart can also be stimulated, causing cardiovascular side effects.