What type of drug administration will have the shown compartment model?
extravascular administration
8. What type of drug administration will have the shown compartment model? Explanation: There is an arrow entering the 1st compartment. Thus this two-compartment model is for extravascular administration.
What is compartment model in pharmacokinetics?
Compartmental modeling of pharmacokinetics describes the fate of a drug in the body by dividing the whole body into one or more compartments. A compartment involves several organs or tissues and is kinetically homogenous. Different compartments do not have a direct anatomical or physiological signification.
What type of sedation is propofol?
Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic used for procedural sedation, during monitored anesthesia care, or as an induction agent for general anesthesia.
What is the classification of propofol?
Propofol is a prescription medication used for sedation and anesthesia. Propofol belongs to a group of drugs called general anesthetics.
What is the drug TCI?
Target-controlled infusion (TCI) system is increasingly used in anesthesia to control the concentration of selected drugs in the plasma or at the site of drug effect (effect-site). The performance of propofol TCI delivery when combined with remifentanil in patients undergoing elective surgeries has been investigated.
What is TCI in syringe pump?
The acronym TCI, standing for Target Controlled Infusion, refers to a system by which a drug is given intravenously with a pump controlled by a computer; a TCI system aims to get a target plasma concentration chosen by the user [1].
Which compartment model is rarely used?
A single compartment model is the least accurate, as it assumes a homogeneous distribution of the drug in the body. A three-compartment model is the most useful for anaesthetic substances as it discriminates between fast-redistributing tissues (muscle) and slow tissues (fat)
What is the difference between one-compartment and two compartment model with example?
A one-compartment model may be used for drugs which rapidly equilibrate with the tissue compartment, e.g, aminoglycosides. A two-compartment model should be used for drugs which slowly equilibrate with the tissue compartment, e.g, vancomycin.
What is the difference between one-compartment and two-compartment model?
What are the functional groups of propofol?
Propofol Chemistry Propofol is a unique compound compared to the other intravenous anesthetics. It is a simple phenol substituted with two isopropyl groups in each of the positions adjacent to the hydroxyl group, the ortho positions (fig. 1).
How do you use propofol for sedation?
Propofol was administered intravenously as an initial bolus of 0.5 mg/kg (up to a maximum of 50 mg) followed by further boluses, if required, up to a maximum total dose of 1 mg/kg; midazolam was titrated by bolus intravenous doses of 1 mg to achieve the desired level of sedation.
What is TIVA mode in syringe pump?
Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is a technique of general anesthesia which uses a combination of agents given via syringe pump exclusively by the intravenous route without the use of inhalation agents (Gas Anesthesia). 1.
What drugs follow a two compartment model?
Drugs which exhibit a slow equilibration with peripheral tissues, are best described with a two compartment model. Vancomycin is the classic example, it’s distribution phase is 1 to 2 hours. Therefore, the serum level time curve of vancomycin may be more accurately represented by a 2-compartment model.
What is the three-compartmental model of propofol administration?
It was pragmatically adapted from the Gepts three-compartmental model, 8 which was developed from a study involving three groups of six patients who each received constant rate infusions of propofol at either 3, 6, or 9 mg kg −1 h −1. Although full details were not published it appears that the study included few elderly or obese patients.
Is propofol a ventilatory depressant?
Propofol is a potent ventilatory depressant. It interferes with ventilation in a dose-dependent manner by affecting central chemoreceptor sensitivity, reducing ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia [136–138]. In higher doses, propofol causes apnoea.
What are the different types of propofol models?
Older propofol models, such as the Marsh [65] and Schnider [66] models, were developed from studies involving healthy adults with a limited range of weights.
What excites nociceptors in general anesthetic propofol?
15. Fischer MJM, Leffler A, Niedermirtl F, Kistner K, Eberhardt M, Reeh PW, et al. The general anesthetic propofol excites nociceptors by activating TRPV1 and TRPA1 rather than GABAA receptors.