Can you describe in your own words the epidemiologic triangle and how it works?
The Epidemiologic Triangle, sometimes referred to as the Epidemiologic Triad, is a tool that scientists use for addressing the three components that contribute to the spread of disease: an external agent, a susceptible host and an environment that brings the agent and host together.
What are the 4 key terms from the epidemiology triangle for infectious diseases?
The Epidemiologic Triangle
- Agent. The agent is the microorganism that actually causes the disease in question.
- Host. The agent infects the host, which is the organism that carries the disease.
- Environment.
- HIV.
What is the epidemiological triad used for?
The Epidemiologic Triangle The Epidemiologic Triangle is a model that scientists have developed for studying health problems. It can help your students understand infectious diseases and how they spread.
What are the 3 main elements of the definition of epidemiology?
Epidemiology includes assessment of the distribution (including describing demographic characteristics of an affected population), determinants (including a study of possible risk factors), and the application to control health problems (such as closing a restaurant).
What are the factors of disease causation?
Factors of disease causation
These are age, sex and previous illnesses. Enabling factors are those which assist in the development of (or in recovery from) the disease; e.g. housing conditions, socio-economic status.
What is the best definition of epidemiology?
By definition, epidemiology is the study (scientific, systematic, and data-driven) of the distribution (frequency, pattern) and determinants (causes, risk factors) of health-related states and events (not just diseases) in specified populations (neighborhood, school, city, state, country, global).
What are the 3 factors that cause disease?
Infectious diseases can be caused by:
- Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
- Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
- Fungi.
- Parasites.
What are the 4 important elements of epidemiology?
Key terms in this definition reflect some of the important principles of epidemiology.
- Study. Epidemiology is a scientific discipline with sound methods of scientific inquiry at its foundation.
- Distribution.
- Determinants.
- Health-related states or events.
- Specified populations.
- Application.
- Summary.
How many theories of disease causation are there?
There are three main approaches which implicitly or explicitly characterize the epidemiological study of the causes of illness and death. These three approaches have been labelled the monocausal, multi- causal, and general susceptibility view of disease etio- logy.
Why is it important to understand causation?
By understanding correlation and causality, it allows for policies and programs that aim to bring about a desired outcome to be better targeted.
What are the 3 types of epidemiology?
The three major epidemiologic techniques are descriptive, analytic, and experimental. Although all three can be used in investigating the occurrence of disease, the method used most is descriptive epidemiology.
What are contributing causes of disease?
Contributing causes are factors which make an individual prone to catch a disease, e.g., undernourishment, defective heredity, poor public health services.
What are the 3 classifications of disease?
The most widely used classifications of disease are (1) topographic, by bodily region or system, (2) anatomic, by organ or tissue, (3) physiological, by function or effect, (4) pathological, by the nature of the disease process, (5) etiologic (causal), (6) juristic, by speed of advent of death, (7) epidemiological, and …
What are the 5 epidemiologic principles of disease control?
The difference is that epidemiologists tend to use synonyms for the 5 W’s: diagnosis or health event (what), person (who), place (where), time (when), and causes, risk factors, and modes of transmission (why/how).
What is the current theory of disease causation?
Germ theory postulates that every human disease is caused by a microbe or germ, which is specific for that disease and one must be able to isolate the microbe from the diseased human being.
What is causation in health?
Causation means either the production of an effect, or else the relation of cause to effect. Causes produce or occasion an effect. Some philosophers, and epidemiologists drawing largely on experimental sciences, require that causes be limited to well specified and active agents producing change.
What is an example of causation?
Causation means that one variable causes another to change, which means one variable is dependent on the other. It is also called cause and effect. One example would be as weather gets hot, people experience more sunburns. In this case, the weather caused an effect which is sunburn.
What is a simple definition of epidemiology?
Epidemiology is the method used to find the causes of health outcomes and diseases in populations. In epidemiology, the patient is the community and individuals are viewed collectively.
What are immediate and contributory causes of diseases give one example of each?
Contributory causes are factors, which do not cause the disease themselves but provide conditions for the disease to occur. For instance, virus causing diarrhoea is the immediate cause. Contaminated drinking water and lack of resistance due to under-nourishment are the contributory causes.
What are the two main causes of disease?
Causes
- Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
- Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
- Fungi.
- Parasites.
What are the 5 causes of disease?
The most common causes are viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Infectious diseases usually spread from person to person, through contaminated food or water and through bug bites. Some infectious diseases are minor and some are very serious.
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These include:
- Viruses.
- Bacteria.
- Fungi.
- Parasites.
- Prions.
What are the 4 main uses of epidemiology?
Section 4: Core Epidemiologic Functions. In the mid-1980s, five major tasks of epidemiology in public health practice were identified: public health surveillance, field investigation, analytic studies, evaluation, and linkages.
Why is causation important?
Causation indicates that one event is the result of the occurrence of the other event; i.e. there is a causal relationship between the two events. This is also referred to as cause and effect.
How do you explain causation?
How do you identify causation?
Causation can only be determined from an appropriately designed experiment. In such experiments, similar groups receive different treatments, and the outcomes of each group are studied. We can only conclude that a treatment causes an effect if the groups have noticeably different outcomes.