What did Thomas Hunt Morgan discover in his experiments with fruit flies?
4, 1945, Pasadena, Calif.), American zoologist and geneticist, famous for his experimental research with the fruit fly (Drosophila) by which he established the chromosome theory of heredity. He showed that genes are linked in a series on chromosomes and are responsible for identifiable, hereditary traits.
What was Thomas Hunt Morgan discover?
Thomas Hunt Morgan was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933. The work for which the prize was awarded was completed over a 17-year period at Columbia University, commencing in 1910 with his discovery of the white-eyed mutation in the fruit fly, Drosophila.
What did Thomas Hunt Morgan discover about chromosomes in fruit flies?
By painstakingly examining thousands upon thousands of flies with a microscope and a magnifying glass, Morgan and his colleagues confirmed the chromosomal theory of inheritance: that genes are located on chromosomes like beads on a string, and that some genes are linked (meaning they are on the same chromosome and …
What are the conclusions of Morgan’s experiment on Drosophila?
He concluded that closer the genes, greater the linkage and vice-versa. Note: He also discovered the white eye mutation in Drosophila. He chooses Droshophila to study the sex-linked genes. The mutation is inherited differently by male and female flies he said.
What was the gender of all of the white-eyed flies?
Although the first generation of 1,237 offspring was all red-eyed but for three, white-eyed flies appeared in larger numbers in the second generation. Surprisingly, all white-eyed flies were male.
Why did Morgan choose Drosophila as his experimental organism?
Solution : (i) Very short life cycle (2-weeks)<br>(ii) Can be grown easily in laboratory <br>(iii) In single mating produce a large no. of flies. <br>(iv) Male and female show many hereditary variations<br>(v) It has only 4 pairs of chromosomes which are distinct in size and shape.
Who is known as father of Drosophila genetics?
Thomas Hunt Morgan is known as the father of experimental genetics. He gave the experimental evidence of the chromosomal theory of inheritance. He received the Nobel prize in 1933 for his work on Drosophila to prove the role of chromosomes in heredity.
Who first discovered white eye mutant in Drosophila?
Thomas Hunt Morgan
In January 1910, a century ago, Thomas Hunt Morgan discovered his first Drosophila mutant, a white-eyed male (Morgan 1910). Morgan named the mutant gene white and soon demonstrated that it resided on the X chromosome. This was the first localization of a specific gene to a particular chromosome.
What was the objective of Morgan’s experiment?
Morgan Detects an Unusual Pattern of Inheritance
Thus, he first performed a test cross between the white-eyed male fly and several purebred, red-eyed females to see whether white eyes might also occur in the next generation.
How did Morgan explain his findings?
How did Morgan explain his finding? Linked genes were inherited together because they were close to each other on the same chromosome. How did Alfred Sturtevant use gene linkage to create gene maps? He reasoned that alleles that frequently cross over must be further apart than those that hardly ever cross.
Why were all the white eyed flies male?
Morgan hypothesized that, in his breeding experiment, the first generation of flies contained males only with white eyes because the gene controlling eye color was on the X chromosome. Males displayed the white eye trait because the trait was present on their only X chromosome.
Why did Morgan Choose fruit flies?
He selected Drosophila for following reasons : <br> (i) They can be grown in simple synthetic medium. <br> (ii) They complete the life cycle in 2 weeks. <br> (iii) Single mating produced large progeny. <br> (iv) Clear differentiation between male and female.
What are the difference between male and female Drosophila?
The male flies have a short abdomen with some stripes, on the other hand, the female counterparts show a longer abdomen with comparatively more stripes.
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Key Difference between Male and Female Drosophila melanogaster.
| Male Drosophila melanogaster | Female Drosophila melanogaster |
|---|---|
| Genitalia | |
| Two | One |
| Is sex comb present? |
Who discovered Drosophila melanogaster?
geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan
One day in 1910, American geneticist Thomas Hunt Morgan peered through a hand lens at a male fruit fly, and he noticed it didn’t look right. Instead of having the normally brilliant red eyes of wild-type Drosophila melanogaster, this fly had white eyes.
Who is the Father of zoology?
Aristotle
Aristotle. The father of Zoology is Aristotle. He was conferred with this title for his exceptional work in this field, the systematic organization and grouping. He also used physiology to associate different animal species.
Are there male and female flies?
Flies depend on sexual reproduction, which means mating requires a male and a female fly to produce offspring. Flies generally engage in courting or mating behavior, after which they copulate. The female then produces eggs, assuming she can eat enough and find a suitable medium in which to lay them.
What is Morgan’s experiment?
Why were fruit flies useful in Morgan’s research?
Morgan decided to use fruit flies to study how physical traits (for example, eye color) were transmitted from parents to offspring, and he was able to elegantly show that genes are stored in chromosomes and form the basis of heredity.
Why Morgan is called father of experimental genetics?
What was the gender of all of the white eyed flies?
When Morgan crossed a white eyed female with a red eyed male what phenotypes were present in the offspring?
Terms in this set (14) The white-eyed mutation in Drosophila studied by Thomas Hunt Morgan was the first clear case of sex-linked inheritance. When Morgan crossed a white-eyed female with a red-eyed male, what phenotypes were present in the offspring? All the males had white eyes and all the females had red eyes.
Why Drosophila was chosen by Morgan for his experiments in genetics?
How did Morgan explain his finding?
How can you tell a male from a female fly?
A fly’s abdomen is made up of many different segments. On a male fly, the last two segments of the abdomen are much darker than the female. The males have thick black bands, whereas the females tend to have one darker band on the bottom with a lighter band on top of that.
How do you tell a male fruit from a female?
The Shape of the Bottom of the Abdomen
The abdomen of the male fruit fly is rounded at the bottom while the abdomen of the female fruit fly is pointed towards the bottom.