What is Nonsecretory myeloma?
Non-secretory myeloma is a rare type of myeloma, a cancer of your plasma cells. In most cases, myeloma cells release (or secrete) antibodies into your blood and urine. But in non-secretory myeloma, the cancer cells either don’t make or don’t release these antibodies.
What is Nonsecretory disease?
Non-secretory myeloma is classically defined as clonal bone marrow plasma cells ≥10% or biopsy proven plasmacytoma, evidence of end-organ damage that can be attributed to the underlying plasma cell proliferative disorder, specifically hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, or bone lesions, and lack of serum and …
Does multiple myeloma cause low IgG?
In myeloma of any type, the production of the other normal immunoglobulins is suppressed. Thus, in IgG kappa myeloma, the normal levels of IgM and IgA will be abnormally low, while the IgG levels are elevated. Less common, but still prevalent, are IgA-producing myeloma cells.
What does IgG mean in multiple myeloma?
The most common type of myeloma is IgG kappa. In IgG kappa myeloma, the myeloma cells produce an immunoglobulin made from two IgG heavy chains bound to two kappa light chains. About 15% of patients have light chain myeloma. In this type of myeloma, the myeloma cells secrete only light chain protein and no heavy chains.
What are the different types of myeloma?
There are 2 main types of multiple myeloma, smouldering and active.
Does multiple myeloma have Hypogammaglobulinemia?
Hypogammaglobulinemia may be congenital or acquired. Among the acquired causes are multiple myeloma and primary amyloidosis. Panhypogammaglobulinemia can occur in approximately 10% of cases of multiple myeloma.
Does multiple myeloma cause Hypogammaglobulinemia?
Hypogammaglobulinemia may be congenital or acquired. Among the acquired causes are multiple myeloma and primary amyloidosis.
Is there a difference between multiple myeloma and myeloma?
There is no difference. The terms are used interchangeably. Myeloma is derived from the Greek words “myel” (meaning marrow) and “oma” (meaning tumor). Because malignant plasma cells almost always occur in more than one location, it is often referred to as multiple myeloma.
Why does a patient with multiple myeloma exhibit hypogammaglobulinemia?
What is hypergammaglobulinemia? Hypergammaglobulinemia is an uncommon condition that is usually the result of an infection, autoimmune disorder, or malignancy such as multiple myeloma. It’s characterized by elevated levels of immunoglobulins in your blood.
What does hypogammaglobulinemia mean?
Hypogammaglobulinemia refers to a laboratory finding (low immunoglobulin G, or IgG) that may be asymptomatic if mild or may be associated with a number of clinical entities with varied causes and manifestations if more extreme.
Does multiple myeloma cause hypogammaglobulinemia?
Is hypogammaglobulinemia a autoimmune disease?
Many autoimmune diseases have been described in the course of hypogammaglobulinemia, such as cytopenias, inflammatory bowel disease, seronegative arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, uveitis, vasculitis, and vitiligo (22,23).
Is hypogammaglobulinemia an autoimmune disease?
What organs are affected by multiple myeloma?
The growth of multiple myeloma cells interferes with the production of normal plasma cells. This can cause several health complications. The areas most affected are the kidneys, bones, and blood.
What happens when you have hypogammaglobulinemia?
Without enough antibodies, you’re more likely to get infections. People with hypogammaglobulinemia can more easily catch pneumonia, meningitis, and other infections that a healthy immune system would normally protect against. These infections can damage organs and lead to potentially serious complications.
Which immunoglobulin findings are characteristic of non-secretory myeloma?
Those patients in whom more modern immunoglobulin testing methods can detect no serum, urine, or free light–based disease are the patients with truly non-secretory myeloma ( Table 1 ).
What is non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM)?
However, a small subset of MM called non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) produces no detectable Ig.
What is the prognosis of non-secretory myeloma?
Numerous small series of patients suggest that the prognosis for non-secretory myeloma patients is likely no worse than the prognosis for patients with traditional secretory myeloma, and in some settings may be superior.
What is the difference between non-secretory and oligosecretory myeloma?
As mentioned earlier, non-secretory myeloma must also be distinguished from oligosecretory myeloma, in which proteins are produced but at very low levels that make reliable measurement more challenging.