What is oncogenic transcription factor?
In summary, oncogenic transcription factor proteins are powerful molecules involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Furthermore, these factors have been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
What is transcription factor?
Transcription factors are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors include a wide number of proteins, excluding RNA polymerase, that initiate and regulate the transcription of genes.
What are Fos JUN and Myc?
The c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc genes are activated when quiescent cells are stimulated to proliferate by the addition of growth factors. This event is believed to be important in linking mytogen-induced short term physiological changes to altered patterns of gene expression, cell growth and proliferation.
What is a transcription factor in cancer?
Transcription factors (TFs) are commonly deregulated in the pathogenesis of human cancer and are a major class of cancer cell dependencies. Consequently, targeting of TFs can be highly effective in treating particular malignancies, as highlighted by the clinical efficacy of agents that target nuclear hormone receptors.
What is the direct role of transcription factor?
Transcription factors are vital molecules in the control of gene expression, directly controling when, where and the degree to which genes are expressed. They bind to specific sequences of DNA and control the transcription of DNA into mRNA.
Is JUN a transcription factor?
Transcription factor Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUN gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor. It was first identified as the Fos-binding protein p39 and only later rediscovered as the product of the JUN gene.
How do transcription factors promote cancer growth?
Transcription factors are key enablers of cancer stemness, which support the maintenance and function of cancer stem cells that are believed to act as seeds for cancer initiation, progression and metastasis, and treatment resistance.
What does the JUN protein do?
The human JUN encodes a protein that is highly similar to the viral protein, which interacts directly with specific target DNA sequences to regulate gene expression. This gene is intronless and is mapped to 1p32-p31, a chromosomal region involved in both translocations and deletions in human malignancies.
Is JUN a proto-oncogene?
JUN (Jun Proto-Oncogene, AP-1 Transcription Factor Subunit) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with JUN include Sarcoma and Primary Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma.
What is FOS expression?
Expression of c-fos is an indirect marker of neuronal activity because c-fos is often expressed when neurons fire action potentials. Upregulation of c-fos mRNA in a neuron indicates recent activity. The c-fos promoter has also been utilised for drug abuse research.
How is the transcription factor formed?
Transcription factors (like all proteins) are transcribed from a gene on a chromosome into RNA, and then the RNA is translated into protein. Any of these steps can be regulated to affect the production (and thus activity) of a transcription factor.
Why are transcription factors needed?
Transcription factors control when, where, and how efficiently RNA polymerases function. Transcription factors are vital for the normal development of an organism, as well as for routine cellular functions and response to disease.
How is the transcription factor c-Jun regulated?
The transcriptional activities of c-Jun, ATFs, and MEF2 are regulated upon phosphorylation by various protein kinases, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), which have been implicated in vitro in the transcriptional regulation of c-jun (18, 23).
What is oncogene and transcription factor 31 program?
The jutl: ONCOGENE AND TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 31 program starts with the transcriptional activation of immediate early genes, independent of protein synthesis (Almendral et ah, 1988; Ryder et al., 1988). The conversion of incoming signal into response occurs in the cell nucleus and at least some of it is performed by transcription factors.
What is the JUN gene?
Transcription factor Jun is a protein that in humans is encoded by the JUN gene. c-Jun, in combination with protein c-Fos, forms the AP-1 early response transcription factor.
What are Fos and Jun proto-oncogenes?
The fos and jun proto-oncogenes are members of the set of genes known as cellular immediate-early genes. Their expression is induced transiently by a great variety of extracellular stimuli associated with mitogenesis, differentiation processes or depolarization of neurons.
How does the DNA contact Jun interact with the consensus sequence?
The DNA contact jun: ONCOGENE AND TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 21 region contributed by each protein monomer would then interact with one palindromic half-site of the DNA consensus sequence.