Why is it called crossed hemiplegia?
Alternating hemiplegia (also known as crossed hemiplegia) is a form of hemiplegia that has an ipsilateral cranial nerve palsies and contralateral hemiplegia or hemiparesis of extremities of the body. The disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of paralysis on one side of the body.
What causes hypoglossal alternating hemiplegia?
Alternating hemiplegia is primarily caused by mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. Occasionally, a mutation in the ATP1A2 gene is involved in the condition. These genes provide instructions for making very similar proteins.
What is uncrossed hemiplegia?
Lesions above the level of the brainstem result in uncrossed hemiplegia. For example, a lesion in the left internal capsule would result in right hemiplegia and right facial weakness of the upper motor neuron type.
What is contralateral hemiparesis?
Paralysis occurring on the side of the body opposite to the side of the brain in which the causal lesion occurs.
What is Millard Gubler syndrome?
Millard-Gubler syndrome (MGS), also known as facial abducens hemiplegia syndrome or ventral pontine syndrome, is one of the classical crossed brainstem syndromes characterized by a unilateral lesion of the basal portion of the caudal pons involving fascicles of abducens (VI) and the facial (VII) cranial nerves and the …
What is Weber Syndrome?
Weber syndrome, classically described as a midbrain stroke syndrome and superior alternating hemiplegia, involves oculomotor fascicles in the interpeduncular cisterns and cerebral peduncle, thereby causing ipsilateral third nerve palsy with contralateral hemiparesis.
What is Wallenberg syndrome?
Disease. Wallenberg syndrome (WS) is a neurological disorder that is due to damage to the lateral portion of the medulla oblongata (i.e., the lateral medullary syndrome). WS is typically due to ischemia from a vertebral artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction.
What is Marie Foix syndrome?
Lateral pontine syndrome or Marie Foix Alajouanine syndrome refers to the brainstem stroke syndrome involving lateral pons due to the infarction in the distribution of the anterior inferior cerebellar artery. It involves the lateral inferior part of the pons, middle cerebellar peduncle, and floccular region.
How common is Moebius Syndrome?
The exact incidence of Moebius syndrome is unknown. Researchers estimate that the condition affects 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 500,000 newborns.
What is Claude syndrome?
Claude’s syndrome is a distinctive brainstem syndrome characterized by ipsilateral third cranial nerve palsy with contralateral hemiataxia and is due to an intrinsic or extrinsic lesion in the midbrain. We report a case of Claude’s syndrome caused by neurocysticercosis infection.
What is a PICA stroke?
The Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) carries blood to this part of the brain. This stroke (Wallenberg’s Syndrome) causes the person to have balance problems and lean to one side. They may also have numbness on one side of the face and body and an eye droop. They may have hoarseness and trouble swallowing.
What causes PICA stroke?
PICA may arise from the vertebral artery (the usual case), or as a separate branch of the basilar artery. Because of the far more common origin from the vertebral artery, most “PICA” syndrome strokes actually are due to vertebral artery occlusion (Kim 2003).
What is Benedikt syndrome?
Benedikt syndrome is an eponymously named neurological condition secondary to specific damage in the midbrain that causes ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy, contralateral hemiparesis, and contralateral cerebellar ataxia and/or Holmes tremor and/or choreoathetosis.
What does Moebius syndrome look like?
The first symptom, present at birth, is an inability to suck. Other symptoms can include: feeding, swallowing, and choking problems; excessive drooling; crossed eyes; lack of facial expression; inability to smile; eye sensitivity; motor delays; high or cleft palate; hearing problems and speech difficulties.
What is Hemi ataxia?
Hemiataxia-hypesthesia is a new stroke syndrome involving the perforating branches to the lateral thalamus, but in which small vessel disease may not be the leading cause.
What is Wallenberg syndrome stroke?
Wallenberg syndrome is a rare condition in which an infarction, or stroke, occurs in the lateral medulla. The lateral medulla is a part of the brain stem. Oxygenated blood doesn’t get to this part of the brain when the arteries that lead to it are blocked. A stroke can occur due to this blockage.
What are the symptoms of Wallenberg syndrome?
A typical patient with Wallenberg syndrome is an elderly patient with vascular risk factors. Like any acute stroke syndrome, the onset is acute. The most common symptoms of onset are dizziness with vertigo, loss of balance with gait instability, hoarseness of voice, and difficulty swallowing.
What type of stroke is Wallenberg syndrome?
Wallenberg syndrome is often caused by an ischemic stroke. Ischemic strokes account for about 87 percent of all strokes, according to the American Stroke Association.
What is the Wallenberg syndrome?
What is parinaud’s syndrome?
Disorders of the Eyes and Eyelids
The dorsal midbrain (Parinaud’s) syndrome is characterized by a supranuclear vertical gaze paresis (upward more than downward), lid retraction, convergence-retraction nystagmus, pupillary light-near dissociation, and pseudoabduction deficits caused by excessive convergence tone.
What are Rubral tremors?
Rubral tremor is characterized by a slow coarse tremor at rest that is exacerbated by postural adjustments and by guided voluntary movements. Some authorities have questioned whether it should be regarded as a distinct clinical entity.
What is Goldenhar syndrome?
What Is Goldenhar Syndrome? Some babies are born with a condition called Goldenhar syndrome. It can cause incomplete development of bones in the face, affecting the ears, nose, soft palate, lips, and jaw. Usually, this happens on one side of the face only.
What is drunken sailor syndrome?
Truncal ataxia (or trunk ataxia) is a wide-based “drunken sailor” gait characterised by uncertain starts and stops, lateral deviations and unequal steps. It is an instability of the trunk and often seen during sitting. It is most visible when shifting position or walking heel-to-toe.
Which artery is affected in Wallenberg syndrome?
Wallenberg’s syndrome is a neurological condition caused by a stroke in the vertebral or posterior inferior cerebellar artery of the brain stem.
What is supranuclear gaze palsy?
Definition. A supranuclear gaze palsy is an inability to look in a particular direction as a result of cerebral impairment. There is a loss of the voluntary aspect of eye movements, but, as the brainstem is still intact, all the reflex conjugate eye movements are normal. [ from HPO]