How does GM-CSF work?
GM-CSF in gastrointestinal infection. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor is a growth factor that promotes the differentiation of granulocytes and macrophages, which are critically involved in the control of the host’s defense to pathogenic microbes.
What does GM-CSF do to dendritic cells?
GM-CSF (Csf-2) is a critical cytokine for the in vitro generation of dendritic cells (DCs) and is thought to control the development of inflammatory DCs and resident CD103+ DCs in some tissues.
What cells express GM-CSF?
GM-CSF is produced by multiple cell types such as activated T cells, B cells, macrophages, monocytes, mast cells, vascular endothelial cells, and fibroblasts (2).
What is the difference between M-CSF and GM-CSF?
M-CSF exhibits a mostly homeostatic expression pattern, whereas GM-CSF is a product of cells activated during inflammatory or pathologic conditions. Accordingly, M-CSF regulates the numbers of various tissue macrophage and monocyte populations without altering their “activation” status.
What stimulates GM-CSF?
GM-CSF is produced by various cell types including macrophages, mast cells, T cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells 8, 9, mostly in response to immune activation and cytokines that mediate inflammation.
Is GM-CSF a cytokine?
Multiple studies have demonstrated that GM-CSF is also an immune-modulatory cytokine, capable of affecting not only the phenotype of myeloid lineage cells, but also T-cell activation through various myeloid intermediaries.
Is GM-CSF pro-inflammatory cytokine?
Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is generally recognized as an inflammatory cytokine. Its inflammatory activity is primarily due its role as a growth and differentiation factor for granulocyte and macrophage populations.
Is G-CSF and GM-CSF same?
In summary, although G-CSF and GM-CSF are molecularly cloned myeloid growth factors, their biology and clinical effects differ. GM-CSF has a much wider activity spectrum in animals and humans. In persons with lung infection and/or ARDS, GM-CSF may be a safer drug than G-CSF.
What does G-CSF stand for?
G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor) is a type of protein called a growth factor. It increases the number of some types of white blood cells in the blood. It can be used with chemotherapy. It can also be used before and after a stem cell transplant.
Where is GM-CSF produced?
What is GM-CSF antibody?
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a myelopoietic growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a central role in a broad range of immune-mediated diseases.
Is GM-CSF anti inflammatory?
Do T cells produce GM-CSF?
Where is G-CSF produced?
Human G-CSF is produced mainly by monocytes and macrophages (2), but is also produced by fibroblasts (3), endothelial cells (4), and bone marrow stromal cells (5).
Why is G-CSF given?
G-CSF is used in patients who have certain cancers and neutropenia caused by some types of chemotherapy and in patients who have severe chronic neutropenia that is not caused by cancer treatment. It is also used before an autologous stem cell transplant. G-CSF helps the bone marrow make more white blood cells.
Why is G-CSF given 24 hours after chemo?
G-CSFs are administered between 24-72 hours after receiving chemotherapy. The reason for this minimum 24-hour delay is to allow the body time to metabolize and excrete the cytotoxic drugs.
Is GM-CSF a cytokine or a growth factor?
Is GM-CSF proinflammatory?
GM-CSF was first characterized as a pro-inflammatory cytokine due to its ability to stimulate plasminogen-dependent fibrinolysis activity in mouse macrophages (Hamilton and others 1980).
Is G-CSF a cytokine?
Mammalian granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; CSF3) is a primary cytokine that promotes the development, mobilization, and activation of neutrophils and their precursors.
Where do you inject G-CSF?
The injections are given subcutaneously, i.e. under the skin in a fleshy part of your body such as the arm, thigh or abdomen. The needles self-retract once the dose has been given – they then go straight in a sharps bin.
How long does it take G-CSF to work?
This usually takes 5 to 7 days, although it can be longer. If you are having G-CSF before a stem cell transplant, you usually have your first dose 4 to 6 days before your stem cells are going to be collected.
What is the most common side effect of G-CSF?
The most common effects were: muscle and bone pain, headache, fatigue, and nausea. There was a relationship between the dose of G-CSF and the likelihood of experiencing a side effect. Most side effects were mild, but about 75 percent of donors took analgesics because of them.
Is GM-CSF pro or anti inflammatory?
Is G-CSF cytotoxic?
G-CSFR−/− CD8+ T cells showed increased IFNγ and IL-17 and decreased IL-10 compared to WT CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, Granzyme B was also produced at higher levels in G-CSFR−/− CD8+ T cells, suggesting that G-CSF plays a direct role in cytotoxicity.
Why does G-CSF cause bone pain?
There are four main causes of G-CSF related bone pain: bone marrow quantitative and qualitative expansion, peripheral nociceptor sensitization to nociceptive stimuli, modulation of immune function and direct effect on bone metabolism.