How is a struma ovarii diagnosed?
The diagnostic criterion of malignant struma ovarii is based on histological features of the resected ovary. Although not yet uniformly standardized, these criteria include cellular atypia and increased hyperplasia, nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic activity, and vascular and/or capsular invasion.
What causes struma ovarii?
Struma ovarii is an ovarian tumor defined by the presence of thyroid tissue comprising >50% of the overall mass. It most commonly occurs as part of a teratoma. Although struma ovarii usually does not secrete thyroid hormones, there are cases in which it produces thyroid hormones, which results in hyperthyroidism.
Which laboratory marker may be elevated with struma ovarii?
CA 125, as a tumour marker, was found to be elevated, mimicking ovarian carcinoma (only 8-10 cases have been reported so far for struma ovarii). Pre-operative evaluation with triple contrast CT /MRI [7] and increased uptake of radio-iodine 123 in ovary are pointers to diagnosis.
What is struma ovarii?
Struma ovarii is a specialized or monodermal teratoma predominantly composed of mature thyroid tissue [1]. Thyroid tissue must comprise more than 50 percent of the overall tissue to be classified as a struma ovarii. Struma ovarii accounts for approximately 5 percent of all ovarian teratomas [2-4].
Is struma ovarii malignant?
Background: Struma ovarii is a rare monodermal ovarian teratoma composed predominantly of mature thyroid tissue. Of these cases, 5-8% are clinically hyperthyroid and 5-10% of these tumors are malignant.
How common is struma ovarii?
United States statistics. Struma ovarii is rare. Approximately 1% of all ovarian tumors and 2.7% of all dermoid tumors are classified as struma ovarii.
How is struma ovarii treated?
Simple surgery is recommended for patients with struma ovarii, especially if they have fertility potential. Laparoscopic surgery is the recommended approach due to its shorter recovery time and lower morbidity. Most patients do not require extended periods of follow-up or postoperative investigations.
How is struma ovarii treatment?
Historically, struma ovarii is managed via surgical removal of the ovarian cyst or mass, to enable a histological diagnosis to be made and to rule out ovarian malignancy.
Is struma ovarii benign?
Strumal carcinoid is defined by the presence of carcinoid tissue within a struma ovarii. The vast majority of strumae ovarii are benign, but malignant disease is found in a small percentage of cases, the most common being papillary thyroid carcinoma.