How is influenza reported?
All public health and clinical laboratories report each week to CDC the total number of respiratory specimens tested for influenza and the number positive for influenza viruses, along with age or age group of the person, if available.
Should influenza be reported?
Unless previously reported, every licensed health care provider who provides care to any patient who has, is suspected of having, or has died from a reportable disease is required to report.
What is the envelope of influenza?
The influenza particle, or virion, is typically spherical, but sometimes filamentous. It has an outer lipid membrane layer called an envelope derived from the host cell that it replicated in. The envelope is covered with glycoproteins HA and NA which form structures like spikes.
What is influenza details?
Influenza is a viral infection that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and lungs. Influenza is commonly called the flu, but it’s not the same as stomach “flu” viruses that cause diarrhea and vomiting. For most people, the flu resolves on its own.
What is Sari and ILI?
The WHO global influenza surveillance standards define the surveillance case definitions for influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI).
What does ILI stand for?
with influenza-like illness (ILI) or severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) ▪
Is seasonal influenza reportable?
Influenza-associated deaths among children younger than 18 years of age and human infection with a novel influenza A virus are nationally notifiable conditions reported through the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).
What are the 8 segments of influenza?
The virus genome is composed of eight negative-sense, single-stranded RNA segments: namely PB2, PB1, PA, NP, HA, NA, M, and NS. One of the critical steps in influenza virus infection is the packaging of its segmented genome into the budding virions (1).
What is the size of influenza virus?
It is concluded that influenza virus activity is not associated with material having a particle diameter of about 10 mmicro, but is associated solely with material having a sedimentation constant of about 600 S and hence a probable particle diameter of about 70 mmicro.
What is ILI mean?
WHO ARI case definition?
ARI: acute respiratory infection; EU: European Union; ILI: influenza-like illness. a. The EU case definition for ARI includes coryza in the group of respiratory symptoms, as well as the clinician’s judgement that the illness is due to an infection.
What is ILI and SARI?
What is seasonal influenza?
Seasonal influenza is a preventable infectious disease, mainly involving respiratory symptoms. Caused by the influenza virus which is moderately infectious, influenza is predominantly spread via droplets and contacts, or indirectly via respiratory secretions on hands, tissues, etc.
What is the life cycle of influenza virus?
The influenza virus life cycle can be divided into the following stages: entry into the host cell; entry of vRNPs into the nucleus; transcription and replication of the viral genome; export of the vRNPs from the nucleus; and assembly and budding at the host cell plasma membrane.
What is influenza made of?
All influenza viruses consist of single-stranded RNA as opposed to dual-stranded DNA. The RNA genes of influenza viruses are made up of chains of nucleotides that are bonded together and coded by the letters A, C, G and U, which stand for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil, respectively.
What is the shape of influenza virus?
By electron microscopy, influenza A and B viruses are virtually indistinguishable. They are spherical or filamentous in shape, with the spherical forms on the order of 100 nm in diameter and the filamentous forms often in excess of 300 nm in length.
Is influenza RNA or DNA?
-stranded RNA
All influenza viruses consist of single-stranded RNA as opposed to dual-stranded DNA. The RNA genes of influenza viruses are made up of chains of nucleotides that are bonded together and coded by the letters A, C, G and U, which stand for adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil, respectively.
How influenza is caused?
The flu is caused by an influenza virus. Most people get the flu when they breathe in tiny airborne droplets from the coughs or sneezes of someone who has the flu. You can also catch the flu if you touch something with the virus on it, and then touch your mouth, nose, or eyes.
Why is influenza called influenza?
Influenza is an infectious viral illness. The name “influenza” originated in 15th century Italy, from an epidemic attributed to “influence of the stars.” The first documented pandemic, or worldwide epidemic, that clearly fits the description of influenza was in 1580.
How does the CDC track flu cases?
CDC conducts surveillance for flu-related hospitalizations through the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET), a collaboration between CDC, the Emerging Infections Program, and additional Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Project (IHSP) states in 13 geographically distributed areas in the …