Is microcephaly and intellectual disability?
Microcephaly is a problem with the way the brain or nervous system grows. Children with microcephaly have heads and brains that are smaller than usual. Children with microcephaly often have intellectual disability, seizures, coordination and balance problems, and other syndromes.
What causes mental retardation?
[4] Mental retardation can be associated with innumerable factors – some are chromosomal, some are genetic, some are metabolic, and some are due to intrauterine infections, and where antenatal and natal care is not adequate a large number of them may be due to birth asphyxia or other accidents during peripartum period.
What is familial microcephaly?
Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (often shortened to MCPH, which stands for “microcephaly primary hereditary”) is a condition in which infants are born with a very small head and a small brain.
Can someone with microcephaly have normal intelligence?
Some children with microcephaly will have normal intelligence and a head that will grow bigger, but they may track below the normal growth curves for head circumference.
Does microcephaly cause retardation?
Microcephaly is a condition that is present at birth in which the baby’s head is much smaller than normal for an infant of that age and gender. “Micro” means small and “cephaly” refers to the head. Most children with microcephaly also have a small brain and mental retardation.
What are the 2 types of mental retardation?
Mental retardation comprises five general categories: borderline, mild, moderate, severe and profound.
What is mental retardation called now?
intellectual disability
The term “intellectual disability” is gradually replacing the term “mental retardation” nationwide.
Does microcephaly affect intelligence?
Most children with microcephaly also have a small brain and intellectual disability. Some children with small heads have normal intelligence. Microcephaly may be caused by problems during a woman’s pregnancy.
How long do kids with microcephaly live?
There is no standard life expectancy for microcephalic babies because outcomes depend on so many factors, and the severity of the condition can range from mild to severe. Babies with mild microcephaly may still meet the same milestones like speaking, sitting and walking as a child without the disorder.
Does microcephaly cause autism?
In the microcephaly phenotype, cognitive abilities were impaired, and seemed to be the basis for poorer adaptive skills. The developmental regression phenotype may stems from extensive neurodevelopmental insult, which results in global impairments in cognition and more severe autism symptoms.
Is ADHD mental retardation?
Abstract. Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common condition in children with mental retardation (MR), with a prevalence rate of between 4 and 15%.
What are the 4 levels of mental retardation?
The DSM-IV classifies mental retardation into four stages based on severity: mild (IQ score of 50-55 to approximately 70), moderate (IQ score of 30-35 to 50-55), severe (IQ score of 20-25 to 35-40), and profound (IQ score of less than 20-25).
Can microcephaly be reversed?
Microcephaly is a lifelong condition. There is no known cure or standard treatment for microcephaly. Because microcephaly can range from mild to severe, treatment options can range as well.
How late can microcephaly be diagnosed?
However, ultrasound is not always accurate in assessing microcephaly. Often, microcephaly is not obvious on an ultrasound until late in pregnancy. In these cases, microcephaly will be diagnosed at birth or later in infancy when the baby’s head circumference is smaller than normal for her age and gender.
At what age is mental retardation diagnosed?
Severe cases of ID may be diagnosed soon after birth. However, you might not realize your child has a milder form of ID until they fail to meet common developmental goals. Almost all cases of ID are diagnosed by the time a child reaches 18 years of age.
How long does a child with microcephaly live?
Does microcephaly worsen with age?
Your child’s head will grow as they get older. But it will remain smaller than what’s considered normal. Some children have normal intelligence. Others have problems learning, but they usually don’t get worse as your child gets older.
What are the characteristics of a child with mental retardation?
Sit up, crawl, or walk later than other children. Learn to talk later or have trouble speaking. Have trouble understanding social rules. Have trouble seeing the consequences of their actions.
How long do people with microcephaly live?
The prognosis for a child who has microcephaly depends on the other medical conditions the child has. In general, life expectancy for children who have microcephaly is reduced, and the prospects of attaining normal brain function is poor.