What does Cantholysis mean?
Cantholysis involves the incision and lysis of the inferior and/or superior canthal tendon and associated ligamentous fibers. Surgery begins with a canthotomy. Upon completion of the canthotomy, the lateral canthal tendon is composed of inferior and superior canthal tendon limbs.
What is lateral Cantholysis?
Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis is the treatment of choice and involves surgically exposing the lateral canthal tendon and its inferior crus to relieve intraorbital pressure.
What is Canthotomy and Cantholysis?
Lateral canthotomy, the emergency treatment for orbital compartment syndrome, is the surgical exposure of the lateral canthal tendon. Cantholysis is canthotomy plus incision of the inferior branch (crus) of the tendon.
What is ocular compartment syndrome?
Ocular compartment syndrome (OCS) is a serious ophthalmological emergency that should be diagnosed and treated immediately to prevent permanent loss of vision. It is usually caused by a retro-orbital bleed that will subsequently increase intra-orbital pressure and threaten the patient’s vision.
Who is canthus?
Definition of canthus
: either of the angles formed by the meeting of an eye’s upper and lower eyelids.
Where is the canthus located?
The canthus (pl. canthi, palpebral commissures) is either corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet. More specifically, the inner and outer canthi are, respectively, the medial and lateral ends/angles of the palpebral fissure.
What is lateral canthus?
Lateral canthus: the lateral confluence of upper and lower eyelid margins. Sclera: the collagenous outer wall of the eyeball. Its outermost portion, called the episclera, has a rich vascular network.
When do you use a Canthotomy?
Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis should be performed for ocular compartment syndrome (most commonly caused by retrobulbar hemorrhage) with acute loss of visual acuity, relative afferent pupillary defect, increased IOP, and proptosis.
What is orbital apex syndrome?
Orbital apex syndrome (OAS) involves cranial neuropathies in association with optic nerve dysfunction. Orbital apex syndrome is symptomatically related to superior orbital fissure syndrome and cavernous sinus syndrome with similar etiologies. The distinction is the precise anatomic involvement of the disease process.
How is orbital compartment syndrome diagnosed?
The diagnosis of orbital compartment syndrome is made based on clinical findings and should be suspected in patients presenting with the following constellation of symptoms: acute proptosis, elevated intraocular pressure (35-40 mmHg), rapid vision loss, ophthalmoplegia, and fixed dilated pupils or a relative afferent …
Where is the canthus?
What does the canthus do?
Lateral Canthus
Although the lateral portion of the eyelid is attached to the rim mainly by the lateral canthal tendon, contributions from the orbicularis muscle, orbital septum, levator aponeurosis, and lower lid retractors provide additional support for the eyelids.
What is canthus in the body?
The corners of the eye are called the medial (inner) canthus and the lateral (outer) canthus. The eyelids are fundamental in spreading the tears over the surface of the eye and maintain the protective tear-film.
What is inner canthus?
What is lateral Canthoplasty?
Lateral canthoplasty is a procedure in which the lateral canthus is fixed (anchored) to the lateral orbital rim after surgical division (lateral cantholysis). It is usually performed with lower blepharoplasty in order to correct the laxity and malposition of the lower lid [1].
What causes Tolosa-Hunt syndrome?
While the exact cause of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is unknown, one theory is an abnormal autoimmune response linked with an inflammation in a specific area behind the eye (cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure).
Is Tolosa-Hunt syndrome curable?
Typically, the prognosis for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is considered good. Patients usually respond to corticosteroids, and spontaneous remission can occur, although permanent ocular motor deficits may remain. Relapse can occur in as many as 40% of patients successfully treated for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.
Can you get compartment syndrome in the face?
Acute orbital compartment syndrome is considered a rare complication of facial trauma or surgery. A retrospective review of 727 patients with facial fractures found that 67% sustained some degree of ocular injury. Of these injuries, 18% were categorized as serious and 3% as blinding.
What is corner of eye called?
The canthus (pl. canthi, palpebral commissures) is either corner of the eye where the upper and lower eyelids meet.
What is the difference between Canthoplasty and Canthopexy?
A canthopexy involves tightening the lateral canthal tendon without opening the canthal angle. In contrast, a canthoplasty implies performing a canthotomy – cantholysis before resuspending the lower eyelid to the lateral orbital rim periosteum [1▪,2,3,7–9,10▪,11–16].
What is Conjunctivoplasty surgery?
Conjunctivoplasty is a customized eye surgery performed to repair a defect in this delicate but crucial part of the eye structure. The surgery may be performed to resolve a dysfunction of the conjunctiva associated with aging tissue.
Is Tolosa-Hunt an autoimmune disease?
Is Tolosa-Hunt syndrome life threatening?
Tolosa-Hunt syndrome is not a fatal disorder; patients experience unilateral onset of acute orbital pain and ophthalmoparesis, and the disorder may threaten sight if untreated inflammation extends beyond the cavernous sinus to affect the optic nerve.
Is Tolosa Hunt an autoimmune disease?
What causes Tolosa Hunt?
Tolosa Hunt syndrome is usually idiopathic and is thought to be from non-specific inflammation in the region of the cavernous sinus and/or superior orbital fissure. However, traumatic injury, tumors, or an aneurysm could be the potential triggers.