What does widened PDL indicate?
Widening of the PDL at the apex or inter-radicular area is an important piece of evidence for periodontal disease.4 Early detection of periodontal disease and correct management of bony defects are essential for better diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this entity.13.
What are the systemic conditions that are linked to periodontal disease?
Periodontitis has been an associated with a number of other systemic diseases including respiratory disease, chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cognitive impairment, obesity, metabolic syndrome and cancer.
Where does the blood supply of the PDL originate?
(PDL is heavily anastomosed). There are three principal sources of blood vessels which are apical vessels, perforating vessels and gingival vessels. Apical vessels originate from vessels that supply the pulp. Perforating vessels originate from lamina dura and the vessels perforate the socket wall (cribriform plate).
Which of the following is the primary factor causing periodontal disease?
Plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease. However, other factors can contribute to gum disease. These include: Bad habits such as smoking and tobacco use make it harder for gum tissue to repair itself.
What initially occurs to the periodontal ligament with periodontitis?
When a patient develops periodontitis, the gum tissue recedes from the teeth creating pockets. Disease causing bacteria accumulate in the pockets leading to an infection that if left untreated, destroys bones, ligaments, and tissues in the mouth and could ultimately result in tooth loss.
What is the most common manifestation of occlusal trauma?
The most common clinical feature of secondary occlusal trauma is significant tooth mobility. Other common findings (in addition to those noted with primary occlusal trauma) include drifting and tipping of the teeth.
How does periodontitis affect heart?
Gum disease (periodontitis) is associated with an increased risk of developing heart disease. Poor dental health increases the risk of a bacterial infection in the blood stream, which can affect the heart valves. Oral health may be particularly important if you have artificial heart valves.
What is the relationship between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease?
The systemic inflammatory or immune response to periodontal infection may increase cardiovascular risk. Also, pathogens from the mouth can enter atherosclerotic plaques via the blood stream, and this could promote an inflammatory or immune response within the atherosclerotic plaque.
How do you stop an inferior alveolar artery from bleeding?
Bleeding, which is refractory to packing and local pressure, can be controlled by completing the osteotomy, isolating the vessel away from the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), and ligating it with hemoclips. Use of electrocautery is avoided due to its proximity to the IAN.
How long does it take for periodontal ligament to heal?
A period of 2 to 3 weeks is usually sufficient in case of trauma to the periodontal ligament. If the trauma to the periodontal ligament is associated with bone fracture, 3 to 4 weeks are recommended.
What are 3 causes of periodontal disease?
Factors that can increase your risk of periodontitis include:
- Gingivitis.
- Poor oral health habits.
- Smoking or chewing tobacco.
- Hormonal changes, such as those related to pregnancy or menopause.
- Recreational drug use, such as smoking marijuana or vaping.
- Obesity.
- Inadequate nutrition, including vitamin C deficiency.
- Genetics.
What are the 5 symptoms present in periodontitis?
The following are warning signs of periodontal disease:
- Bad breath or bad taste that won’t go away.
- Red or swollen gums.
- Tender or bleeding gums.
- Painful chewing.
- Loose teeth.
- Sensitive teeth.
- Gums that have pulled away from your teeth.
- Any change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite.
Can periodontal ligaments regrow?
The periodontal ligament does not regenerate easily in any areas where it was lost and is prone to periodontal inflammation. Should a patient’s advanced gum disease have damaged the jawbone, placing a bone graft may be unsuccessful if the periodontal ligament is not also simultaneously restored.
Can a PDL heal?
The ligament can enlarge and allow the tooth to become loose. Once the excessive forces on the tooth are reduced, the PDL will heal, and tooth mobility will decrease.
What are signs of occlusal trauma?
Signs And Symptoms Of Occlusal Trauma
- Sensitivity (teeth) to temperature.
- Wear and fracture of your teeth and fillings (or other restorations)
- Exposed dentin layer.
- Looseness or movement of teeth as you close.
- Inflammation of the gum tissue.
- Pain or sensitivity to biting.
- TMJ or jaw pain.
- Bone loss around teeth or implants.
How is trauma occlusion diagnosed?
The signs and symptoms experienced by patients with occlusal trauma are mobility of teeth, temperomandibular joint pain, pain on mastication and periodontal disease. Early diagnosis, proper treatment plan and correction of malocclusion can lead to a successful outcome.
Can tooth decay cause high blood pressure?
Periodontal disease — a condition marked by gum infection, gum inflammation and tooth damage — appears to worsen blood pressure and interferes with hypertension treatment.
Why is periodontal and heart disease linked?
You might think the mouth and heart don’t have much in common. But increasing evidence suggests they may be closely linked. Researchers suspect that bacteria present in gum disease can travel throughout the body, triggering inflammation in the heart’s vessels and infection in heart valves.
Can gum disease cause high cholesterol?
Results: The presence of periodontal pockets was positively associated with higher cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol blood levels in men. No significant association was found in women.
Can a gum infection spread to your heart?
As such, bacterial infections associated with poor oral health, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, can also spread to the heart. The toxic bacteria can enter the bloodstream and can end up in the heart where they can then cause deadly endocarditis.
How do you treat a bleeding socket?
If fresh bleeding occurs, pressure should be applied to the extraction site with a pack. This is achieved by placing a rolled hankie, cotton wool or linen directly over the site and biting hard. Pressure should be applied for > 20 minutes (some authorities suggest 45 – 60 minutes) and this should stop the bleeding.
What are the complications of inferior alveolar nerve block?
Unintended intravascular injection from inferior alveolar nerve blocks can result in frustrating distant complications affecting such structures as the middle ear and eyes. Possible complications affecting the eyes include blurring of vision, diplopia, mydriasis, palpebral ptosis and amaurosis (temporary or permanent).
Do dentists remove periodontal ligament?
When you bite down and chew, the PDL protects the tooth from shattering by compressing a fraction of a millimeter like a spring. It is standard of care for a traditional oral surgeon to assume that the periodontal ligament adheres to the tooth and is therefore always removed during an extraction.
Is hypertension a risk factor for periodontal disease?
Recent evidence suggests a possible causal link between periodontitis and hypertension. Patients with periodontitis often present with higher arterial BP values and a 30% to 70% higher chance to also present with hypertension,10 especially when there is active gingival inflammation (ie, with gingival bleeding).
What kills periodontal disease?
Topical antibiotics can include antibiotic mouth rinses or insertion of gels containing antibiotics in the space between your teeth and gums or into pockets after deep cleaning. However, oral antibiotics may be necessary to completely eliminate infection-causing bacteria.