What drug class is imipenem and cilastatin?
Imipenem is in a class of medications called carbapenem antibiotics. It works by killing bacteria. Cilastatin is in a class of medications called dehydropeptidase inhibitors. It works by helping imipenem stay active in your body for a longer period of time.
Which drug is combined with imipenem?
Human Pharmacokinetics. Imipenem is administered in combination with cilastatin. Cilastatin is a dehydropeptidase inhibitor that prevents the metabolism of imipenem in kidney.
Who should not use imipenem?
chronic kidney disease stage 3B (moderate) chronic kidney disease stage 4 (severe) chronic kidney disease stage 5 (failure) kidney disease with likely reduction in kidney function.
What does imipenem cilastatin cover?
Imipenem/cilastatin is used for lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, gynecologic infections, bacterial sepsis, bone and joint infections, skin and skin structure infections, endocarditis and polymicrobic infections.
Why is imipenem and cilastatin combined?
Because imipenem is rapidly inactivated by renal dehydropeptidase I (DHP-1), it is given in combination with cilastatin (sye” la stat’ in), a DHP-I inhibitor which increases half-life and tissue penetration of imipenem.
What is imipenem medical term?
Listen to pronunciation. (IH-mih-PEH-nem) An antibiotic drug used to treat severe or very resistant infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called carbapenems.
Why we use cilastatin with imipenem?
Cilastatin is a chemical compound which inhibits the human enzyme dehydropeptidase. Renal Dehydropeptidase degrades the antibiotic imipenem. Cilastatin is therefore combined intravenously with imipenem in order to protect it from dehydropeptidase and prolong its antibacterial effect.
What are adverse effects of imipenem?
Swelling, redness, pain, or soreness at the injection site may occur. This medication may also rarely cause upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. If any of these effects last or get worse, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.
Is imipenem a penicillin?
Unlike penicillins and cephalosporins, which have a side aminoacyl group joined to the beta-lactam ring, imipenem has a α-hydroxyethyl side chain.
What is cilastatin mechanism?
Imipenem + cilastatin is a beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenems class with a broad spectrum of activity. The mechanism of action is similar to the other beta-lactam antibiotics, which is to inactivate the penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) and cause cell wall lysis, or interfere with cell wall formation.
What is the action of imipenem?
Imipenem acts as an antimicrobial through the inhibition of cell wall synthesis of various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This inhibition of cell wall synthesis in gram-negative bateria is attained by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
What is the mechanism of action of cilastatin?
Does imipenem cause hypertension?
Central nervous system adverse reactions include agitation, apathy, confusional states, delirium, disorientation, slow speech, and somnolence. Hypertension includes hypertension and blood pressure increased.
Can you take imipenem if allergic to penicillin?
There was a good correlation between the penicillin and imipenem reagents to which the patients reacted. Imipenem should only be administered to penicillin-allergic subjects with similar precautions of penicillin administration to such patients.
What is the mechanism of imipenem?
Does imipenem make you tired?
Common side effects may include: pain, swelling, redness, bruising, or hardening where the medicine was injected; dizziness, drowsiness; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; or.
What happens with Red Man Syndrome?
Red man syndrome is an infusion-related reaction peculiar to vancomycin [3]. It typically consists of pruritus, an erythematous rash that involves the face, neck, and upper torso. Less frequently, hypotension and angioedema can occur.
Which medication or medication class is more likely to have a crossover allergy with penicillin?
It appears that cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins is more likely associated with structurally similar side chains rather than the beta-lactam ring itself.
What is red man syndrome called now?
Vancomycin flushing syndrome (VFS) was previously known as red man syndrome (RMS) is an anaphylactoid reaction caused by the rapid infusion of the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin.
How do I know if I have red man syndrome?
Normally, primary signs and symptoms of red man syndrome include an erythematous rash on the face, neck, torso, and upper-middle part of the body. The skin can seem flushed and become itchy. The individual might have fever, chills, headache, and dizziness. Swelling of the face, eyes, and lips can occur.
What drugs can you not take if you are allergic to penicillin?
It is generally recommended that you avoid all drugs in the immediate penicillin family (amoxicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, dicloxacillin, nafcillin, piperacillin-tazobactam as well as certain drugs in the cephalosporin class (a closely related class to penicillins).
Which antibiotics have cross sensitivity?
Cross-reactivity between Beta-lactams
Cross-reactivity between penicillin and third-generation cephalosporins occurs in 2% to 3% of penicillin-allergic patients4,5,8,9. The degree of cross-reactivity may be much higher for beta-lactams with similar or identical side-chains4,5.
What medications cause red man syndrome?
Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, amphotericinB, rifampcin and teicoplanin [14] can potentially cause red man syndrome. Like vancomycin, they are capable of causing direct degranulation of mast cells and basophils. Red man syndrome is amplified if these antibiotics are combined with vancomycin or with each other [10].
How do you get rid of red man syndrome?
Red man syndrome treatment
Future doses of vancomycin may be given at decreased infusion rates in most cases 2. Mild cases (mild flushing and mild pruritus) can be managed with with antihistamines such as diphenhydramine 50 mg by mouth or intravenously and ranitidine 50 mg intravenously.
What is the best antibiotic for someone allergic to penicillin?
Tetracyclines (e.g. doxycycline), quinolones (e.g. ciprofloxacin), macrolides (e.g. clarithromycin), aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin) and glycopeptides (e.g. vancomycin) are all unrelated to penicillins and are safe to use in the penicillin allergic patient.