What is a deuterium lamp used for?
Deuterium Lamps are used for measurements within the UV region and Tungsten Halogen Lamps for measurements within the visible light region. Their differing wavelength regions are why both are used alongside UV vis spectrophotometers to get a wider range of measurements by covering a greater spectrum of wavelengths.
Why is deuterium lamp used in UV spectroscopy?
Deuterium lamps are sources of high intensity ultraviolet radiation down to 160 nm (for some models). Visible and infrared emission is negligible. This makes deuterium lamps ideal sources for UV spectroscopy, and as UV spectral irradiance standards.
Is deuterium lamp used in AAS?
Deuterium background correction is the oldest and still most commonly used technique, particularly in flame AAS. In this technique, a separate source (deuterium lamp) with broad emission is used to measure background absorption over the entire width of the exit slit of the spectrometer.
How long does a deuterium lamp last?
The typical lifetime of a deuterium lamp is approximately 2000 hours (Most manufacturers guarantee 2000 hours, but newer lamps are consistently performing well at 5000 hours and more).
Which lamp is used in HPLC?
Deuterium lamps
Deuterium lamps emit an almost continuous spectrum of light ranging from the main UV wavelengths of 160 – 400 nm to the visible spectral range (800 nm). This makes them the ideal light source for high precision absorption measurements, e.g. in HPLC.
Do deuterium lamps contain mercury?
Note: deuterium lamps do not contain mercury. Please dispose of it as industrial waste.
What is the wavelength range of deuterium lamp?
The deuterium gas discharge lamp is a continuum radiation source for the 160–320 nm wavelength range.
Which lamp is used in UV spectrophotometer?
tungsten lamp
In UV spectrophotometer, the lamp used for UV absorption measurement is tungsten lamp.
What is the working principle of AAS?
AAS is an analytical technique used to determine how much of certain elements are in a sample. It uses the principle that atoms (and ions) can absorb light at a specific, unique wavelength. When this specific wavelength of light is provided, the energy (light) is absorbed by the atom.
What causes chemical interference in AAS?
Chemical interference occurs when an analyte is not totally decomposed in flame. There is less atoms present, and therefore a reduced absorbance of the analyte.
Why we use UV detector in HPLC?
HPLC UV detectors are used with high performance liquid chromatography to detect and identify analytes in the sample. A UV visible HPLC detector uses light to analyze samples. By measuring the sample’s absorption of light at different wavelengths, the analyte can be identified.
What is PDA detector in HPLC?
Diode-Array Detection (DAD) or Photodiode-Array Detection (PDA) is an analytical technique that can be used to determine the purity of an analyte or related impurity peak eluting during an HPLC separation.
How do you dispose of deuterium lamps?
Which lamp is used in spectrophotometer?
Light source
Two kinds of lamps, a Deuterium for measurement in the ultraviolet range and a tungsten lamp for measurement in the visible and near-infrared ranges, are used as the light sources of a spectrophotometer.
Why quartz cuvette is used in UV?
Quartz cells provide more durability than plastic or glass. Quartz excels at transmitting UV light, and can be used for wavelengths ranging from 190 to 2500 nm.
Which light is used in AAS?
hollow cathode lamp
The normal light source used in AAS is a hollow cathode lamp. This type of lamp contains a hollow cathode made of the element being analysed, and an anode electrode. Both these sealed in a hollow tube filled with a noble gas.
What are three common uses of atomic absorption spectroscopy?
Uses
- Agriculture – analyzing soil and plants for minerals necessary for growth.
- Chemical – analyzing raw chemicals as well as fine chemicals.
- Food Industry – quality assurance and testing for contamination.
- Forensic’s – substance identification.
How do you overcome spectral interference?
Spectral interferences can be overcome by the application of higher mass resolution (HR) in sector field ICP-MS instruments [22] or by using kinetic energy discrimination (KED) and/or chemical resolution in the collision/reaction cell of quadrupole-based ICP-MS units [23,24].
How can spectral interference be prevented?
Avoidance: ICP-OES
Several modern ICP instruments have the capability of avoiding the spectral interference by going to another line. Many instruments can make measurements simultaneously on several lines for 70+ elements in the same time it used to take to make a measurement on a single line/element combination.
Why is 254 nm used in HPLC?
254 nm is widely used for HPLC-UV detection mainly for historical reasons, since the mercury lamps that were used in early HPLC detectors emit the brightest light at 254 nm. Thus, detection at that wavelength would have provided the greatest sensitivity. Some early UV detectors were “fixed” at that wavelength.
Why caffeine is used for HPLC calibration?
Caffeine is convenient because it is not volatile, readily available, safe, has strong UV adsorption if you are using UV detector, and does not retain too long on RP columns (faster calibration).
What is difference between C8 and C18 column?
C18 has 18 carbon atoms while C8 has only 8 carbon atoms. C18 has a longer carbon chain, but C8 has a shorter one. C18 has higher retention while C8 has shorter retention. C18 has higher hydrophobicity, but C8 has a lower hydrophobicity.
Do UV lights need to be replaced?
But, like anything else, UV-C lamps will need to be replaced, typically annually or after roughly 9,000 hours of operation.
What are three main component of spectrophotometer?
A spectrophotometer consists of three primary components: a light source, optics to deliver and collect the light, and a detector.
Why glass is not used in UV spectroscopy?
Glass is useful when working with colored substances. The reason why glass cuvettes are not suitable for UV spectroscopy is because it absorbs strongly in the UV region, and is therefore not recommended when working for wavelengths below 340 nm. Glass is useful when working with colored substances.