What is APRIL ligand?
Abstract. A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) is a TNF-like cytokine that stimulates tumor cell growth. Within the TNF ligand superfamily, APRIL is most similar to B-cell activation factor (BAFF) with which it shares 30% sequence identity.
What is April immunology?
A proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 (TNFSF13), is a protein of the TNF superfamily recognized by the cell surface receptor TACI.
Is APRIL a cytokine?
In immune responses, APRIL acts as a costimulator for B- and T-cell proliferation and supports class switching. In general, cytokines of the TNF superfamily are functional both in their membrane-bound and in soluble form when shed by enzymatic cleavage from the surface through a furin-like convertase.
What is Baff and April?
BAFF and APRIL are type II transmembrane proteins, but BAFF can be processed into a soluble cytokine after cleavage at a furin protease site. APRIL is soluble, having been cleaved intracellularly. BAFF only has weak affinity for BCMA. BAFF-R is essential for survival and maturation of immature B cells.
What Baff means?
1 Scottish : blow, stroke, thud she struck him on the face with a resounding baff. 2 : a golf stroke in which the sole of the club hits the ground and drives the ball aloft.
Is Baff a cytokine?
BAFF (B cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family) is a cytokine implicated in the survival and maturation of peripheral B lymphocytes and T and B cell activation. BAFF binds to three different receptors: TACI, BCMA and BAFF-R, whose expression is restricted to B and T lymphocytes.
What does Baff stand for Immunology?
B-cell activating factor (BAFF) also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF13B gene.
Is Baff a real word?
Baff definition (intransitive, archaic) To bark; yelp.
What is BAFF and April?
What is BAFF in immunology?
BAFF is a trimeric membrane-bound or soluble factor that binds to three receptors — BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen), TACI (transmembrane activator and calcium-modulator and cyclophilin ligand (CAML) interactor) and BAFF-R (BAFF receptor) — which are all expressed on B cells.
What is a caff?
caff in American English (kæf ) noun. British, Slang. a small, inexpensive restaurant or coffeehouse; cafe. Word Frequency.
Is BAFF a cytokine?
What causes TAC headaches?
The ICHD-35 describes TACs as headaches with “prominent cranial parasympathetic autonomic features” often presenting as unilateral headache and putatively caused by activation of “a normal human trigeminal-parasympathetic reflex.” Parasympathetic autonomic TAC features (including conjunctival injection and cranial …
What is trigeminal autonomic Cephalalgias?
The trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) are a group of primary headache disorders that are characterized by strictly unilateral trigeminal distribution pain occurring in association with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms.
What is Sonse?
rare Scottish, Irish. 1Abundance, plenty; prosperity; happiness; luck. 2″sonse fa’ (also occasionally on) me (also ye, etc.)” and variants: used as an expression of good wishes or (more widely) as an interjection expressing friendly feeling.
What is a Babby?
babby (plural babbies) (UK and US dialects, also Internet slang) Baby (human infant).
How common is trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias?
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgia (TACs) represent a relatively uncommon (affecting approximately 0.1% of the population) but clinically significant group of headaches (including cluster headaches, paroxysmal hemicranias, and hemicranias continua) that are regarded by some to be among the most painful and disabling …
What is the April gene?
In the cluster of differentiation terminology, APRIL is designated CD256 . The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand (TNF) ligand family. This protein is a ligand for TNFRSF17 /BCMA, a member of the TNF receptor family. This protein and its receptor are both found to be important for B cell development.
What is the role of April in B cells?
This protein and its receptor are both found to be important for B cell development. In vivo experiments suggest an important role for APRIL in the long-term survival of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Mice deficient in APRIL have normal immune system development.
What is the role of April in the treatment of cancer?
^ Hahne M, Kataoka T, Schröter M, Hofmann K, Irmler M, Bodmer JL, Schneider P, Bornand T, Holler N, French LE, Sordat B, Rimoldi D, Tschopp J (September 1998). “APRIL, a new ligand of the tumor necrosis factor family, stimulates tumor cell growth”.
What does April stand for?
APRIL (protein) A proliferation-inducing ligand ( APRIL ), also known as tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13 ( TNFSF13 ), is a protein of the TNF superfamily recognized by the cell surface receptor TACI.