What is most the common presenting symptom in patients with Zenkers diverticulum?
Patients with Zenker diverticulum will typically present with a long history of dysphagia followed by a sensation of food stuck in the throat. Up to 98% of patients have the primary complaints of dysphagia. Other common symptoms include recurrent coughing, fetor ex ore (halitosis), and unexplained weight loss.
What is the underlying cause associated with the formation of Zenker diverticulum?
What causes Zenker’s diverticulum? The cause of Zenker’s diverticulum is abnormal tightening of the upper esophageal sphincter (also called the cricopharyngeus muscle). As a result of tightening of this muscle, pressure builds along the wall of the throat above this sphincter muscle.
How is pharyngeal pouch diagnosed?
Medical tests to diagnose pharyngeal pouch
To determine if your symptoms are caused by pharyngeal pouch or another condition, your specialist may recommend specific tests such as a diagnostic endoscopy or a barium x-ray test – an x-ray with a white liquid that shows clearly in x-ray scans.
Where is a Zenker’s diverticulum located?
Zenker’s diverticulum, also known as pharyngoesophageal diverticulum, is a pharyngeal pouch that forms where the lower part of the throat and the upper part of the esophagus meet. It is most common in older adults.
What is Killian’s dehiscence?
The area that has been postulated to be the site is known as Killian’s dehiscence as described by Killian in 1908 [1]. The dehiscent area of muscular weakness is a triangular region formed between the two pharyngeal and oesophagal muscles, the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and the cricopharyngeus.
Why Zenker diverticulum is false diverticulum?
The pathologic process in Zenker diverticulum involves herniation of the esophageal mucosa posteriorly between the cricopharyngeal (CP) muscle and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Therefore, by strict definition, a Zenker diverticulum is a false diverticulum.
What is the cause of pharyngeal pouch?
A pharyngeal pouch or Zenkers Diverticulum is an outpouching of the pharynx at the level of the larynx (voice Box). Pouches occur in older people and are the result of fibrosis of a band of muscle at the top of the oesophagus callled cricopharyngeus.
What is Killian’s triangle?
The Killian dehiscence is a triangular-shaped area of weakness in the muscular wall of the pharynx, between the transverse and oblique bundles of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor 1. It is the most common site of pharyngeal diverticula 5.
What is Meckel’s diverticulum?
Meckel’s diverticulum is a small pouch in the wall of the intestine, near the junction of the small and large intestines. The pouch is a remnant of tissue from the prenatal development of the digestive system.
What is the importance of Killian’s dehiscence?
Clinical significance
It represents a potentially weak spot where a pharyngoesophageal diverticulum (Zenker’s diverticulum) is more likely to occur.
Why is Killian dehiscence called the gateway of tears?
Killian’s dehiscence is a gap between oblique and transverse fibers of inferior constrictor. Significance: A pharyngeal pouch (or Zenkers diverticulum) can be formed by outpouching of pharyngeal mucosa at this site. It is a common site for perforation during esophagoscopy hence called as Gateway of Tears.
What layer is involved in Zenker’s diverticulum?
Zenker’s diverticulum is an acquired sac-like outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa layers located dorsally at the pharyngoesophageal junction through Killian’s dehiscence.
Does pharyngeal pouch cause dysphagia?
A pharyngeal pouch is an important cause of dysphagia in older patients that can present with a variety of symptoms (including chest infections, weight loss and halitosis). The gold standard investigation for a pharyngeal pouch is a barium swallow test.
Where is Killian dehiscence located?
pharynx
The Killian dehiscence is a triangular-shaped area of weakness in the muscular wall of the pharynx, between the transverse and oblique bundles of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor 1. It is the most common site of pharyngeal diverticula 5.
What is the most common symptom of Meckel?
What are the symptoms of Meckel’s diverticulum? The symptom seen most often with Meckel’s diverticulum is the passage of a large amount of dark red blood from the rectum. There may also be brick-colored, jelly-like stool present. Passing the blood is usually painless, although some children may have abdominal pain.
Is Zenker’s a true diverticulum?
A Zenker diverticulum is a false diverticulum consisting of mucosa and submucosa that arises from the posterior portion of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle.
Is Killian’s dehiscence and Zenker’s diverticulum same?
Zenker diverticulum, also known as a pharyngeal pouch, is a posterior outpouching of the hypopharynx, just proximal to the upper esophageal sphincter through a weakness in the muscle layer called the Killian dehiscence.
What are the symptoms of a pharyngeal pouch?
Pharyngeal pouches occur most commonly in elderly patients (over 70 years) and typical symptoms include dysphagia, regurgitation, chronic cough, aspiration, and weight loss. The aetiology remains unknown but theories centre upon a structural or physiological abnormality of the cricopharyngeus.
Why is it called Meckel’s diverticulum?
Meckel’s diverticulum was first explained by Fabricius Hildanus in the sixteenth century and later named after Johann Friedrich Meckel, who described the embryological origin of this type of diverticulum in 1809.
What is the most common complication of Meckel’s diverticulum?
Bleeding is the most common complication occurring in children, and it typically presents as hematochezia. The hemorrhage is a result of heterotopic gastric mucosa leading to ulceration. Most adults present with obstruction, diverticulitis or both.
What causes throat pouch?
Anatomy. A pharyngeal pouch or Zenkers Diverticulum is an outpouching of the pharynx at the level of the larynx (voice Box). Pouches occur in older people and are the result of fibrosis of a band of muscle at the top of the oesophagus callled cricopharyngeus.
How do you confirm Meckel’s diverticulum?
How is Meckel’s diverticulum diagnosed?
- Blood test. This test checks for anemia or infection.
- Barium enema and small bowel series. This procedure is done to examine the large intestine for abnormalities.
- Meckel’s scan.
- Rectosigmoidoscopy.
Can Meckel’s diverticulum cause anemia?
Ongoing bleeding from a Meckel diverticulum can cause iron deficiency anemia. However, megaloblastic anemia can also be seen due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency. These can occur secondary to small bowel overgrowth if chronic dilatation and/or stasis related to the diverticulum is present.
What is a Zenker’s diverticulum?
A Zenker’s diverticulum is an outpouching that occurs at the junction of the lower part of the throat and the upper portion of the esophagus. The pouch forms because the muscle that divides the throat from the esophagus, the cricopharyngeal (CP) muscle, fails to relax during swallowing.
What is schatzki ring?
A Schatzki ring is a circular membrane of mucosa and submucosa that forms at the squamocolumnar junction of the distal esophagus. Schatzki rings appear as thin membranous structures that do not contain any muscularis propria.