What is thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis?

What is thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis?

Thrombocythemia and thrombocytosis are conditions that occur when your blood has a higher-than-normal platelet count. Platelets are tiny blood cells. They are made in your bone marrow along with other kinds of blood cells.

What is the difference between thrombocytosis and thrombocythemia?

With primary thrombocythemia, a high platelet count may occur alone or with other blood cell disorders. This condition isn’t common. When another disease or condition causes a high platelet count, the term “thrombocytosis” is preferred. This condition often is called secondary or reactive thrombocytosis.

What is the difference between low platelets and high platelets?

Platelets are measured per microliter of blood: Normal platelet count range: Between 150,000 and 400,000 platelets per microliter. Low platelet count: Less than 150,000 platelets per microliter. High platelet count: More than 450,000 platelets per microliter.

What is the meaning of thrombocytosis?

Thrombocytosis involves having an elevated level of platelets in your blood. Platelets are blood cells that form clots to stop bleeding. There are two main types of thrombocytosis: essential thrombocythemia and reactive thrombocytosis. Usually, thrombocytosis isn’t serious.

What are causes of thrombocytosis?

Causes

  • Acute bleeding and blood loss.
  • Cancer.
  • Infections.
  • Iron deficiency.
  • Removal of your spleen.
  • Hemolytic anemia — a type of anemia in which your body destroys red blood cells faster than it produces them, often due to certain blood diseases or autoimmune disorders.

What are the common causes of thrombocytopenia?

Decreased production of platelets

  • Leukemia and other cancers.
  • Some types of anemia.
  • Viral infections, such as hepatitis C or HIV.
  • Chemotherapy drugs and radiation therapy.
  • Heavy alcohol consumption.

How is thrombocytosis diagnosed?

A complete blood count (CBC) measures the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in your blood. For this test, a small amount of blood is drawn from a blood vessel, usually in your arm. If you have thrombocythemia or thrombocytosis, the CBC results will show that your platelet count is high.

What is the range for thrombocytosis?

Thrombocytosis is defined as a platelet count above 350,000 to 400,000/μL, which is the upper limit of the normal reference range.

What is the leading cause of thrombocytosis?

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) was the most common cause of primary thrombocytosis. Among secondary, non-infectious etiologies, tissue damage was the most common, followed by malignancy and iron-deficiency anemia. The most common infectious causes of thrombocytosis were soft-tissue, pulmonary and GI infections.

What is the treatment of thrombocytosis?

Your doctor might prescribe platelet-lowering drugs primarily in the form of hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea) or interferon alfa (Intron A). Platelets can be removed from your blood by a procedure that’s similar to dialysis.

What are the signs of thrombocytopenia?

Symptoms

  • Easy or excessive bruising (purpura)
  • Superficial bleeding into the skin that appears as a rash of pinpoint-sized reddish-purple spots (petechiae), usually on the lower legs.
  • Prolonged bleeding from cuts.
  • Bleeding from your gums or nose.
  • Blood in urine or stools.
  • Unusually heavy menstrual flows.
  • Fatigue.

Which drugs can cause thrombocytopenia?

Heparin, a blood thinner, is the most common cause of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia.

Other medicines that cause drug-induced thrombocytopenia include:

  • Furosemide.
  • Gold, used to treat arthritis.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Penicillin.
  • Quinidine.
  • Quinine.
  • Ranitidine.
  • Sulfonamides.

What medications cause thrombocytosis?

Causes

  • Furosemide.
  • Gold, used to treat arthritis.
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
  • Penicillin.
  • Quinidine.
  • Quinine.
  • Ranitidine.
  • Sulfonamides.

What infection causes thrombocytosis?

The most common infectious causes of thrombocytosis were soft-tissue, pulmonary and GI infections.

What conditions causes thrombocytosis?

What are 3 causes of thrombocytopenia?

What causes thrombocytopenia?

  • Alcohol use disorder and alcoholism.
  • Autoimmune disease which causes ITP.
  • Bone marrow diseases, including aplastic anemia, leukemia, certain lymphomas and myelodysplastic syndromes.
  • Cancer treatments like chemotherapy and radiation therapy.

Which antibiotics decrease platelet?

Certain antibiotics, including cephalosporin, penicillin and sulfa-containing drugs, may lower platelet counts in some people.

What infections cause thrombocytosis?

What medication treats thrombocytosis?

Medication

  • Hydroxyurea (Droxia, Hydrea.) This drug is the most common prescription used for essential thrombocythemia.
  • Anagrelide (Agrylin).
  • Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) or peginterferon alfa-2a (Pegasys).

What are the symptoms of thrombocytosis?

Symptoms

  • Headache.
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness.
  • Chest pain.
  • Weakness.
  • Numbness or tingling of the hands and feet.

What medicines cause thrombocytosis?

What is the alarming level of platelets?

A normal platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Having more than 450,000 platelets is a condition called thrombocytosis; having less than 150,000 is known as thrombocytopenia.

How do you reduce thrombocytosis?

What cancers cause thrombocytosis?

Thrombocytosis can be a marker for potential cancer, including lung, endometrial, gastric, oesophageal, or colorectal cancer. The causes of thrombocytopenia are diverse, but can be considered as arising from three main causes: Reduced platelet production as a result of marrow-based disorders.

How do you manage thrombocytosis?

Your doctor might recommend that you take daily, low-dose aspirin to help thin your blood if you’re at risk of blood clots. Don’t take aspirin without checking with your doctor. You might need to take drugs or have procedures to lower your platelet counts if you: Have a history of blood clots and bleeding.

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