What is a herniation pit?
Herniation pits are small benign oval lesions that were reported to be always lying within the super-lateral femoral neck, and were first described in 1982 by Michael J. Pitt. They are usually a unilateral incidental finding along with asymptomatic course.
What is the femoral neck?
The femoral neck is the region of the femur bounded by the femoral head proximally and the greater and lesser trochanters distally (shown below). A femoral neck fracture is intracapsular, that is within the hip joint and beneath the fibrous joint capsule.
What is femoroacetabular impingement?
Hip impingement, or femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), occurs when the femoral head (ball of the hip) pinches up against the acetabulum (cup of the hip). When this happens, damage to the labrum (cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum) can occur, causing hip stiffness and pain, and can lead to arthritis.
Are Cam lesions painful?
A CAM lesion is the formation of extra bone on the head of the femur (ball) resulting in a ‘bump’. This extra bone can cause pain as it impinges with the acetabulum (socket) with joint movement.
Can hip impingement cause buttock pain?
Common Symptoms of Femoralacetabular Impingement Symptoms can develop slow and insidiously, or quick and acute, due to over-rotation or overuse of the hip. These symptoms can include groin pain, buttock or leg pain commonly occurring during hip flexion and rotation.
What causes cam lesions?
Current research suggests that these cam lesions develop during adolescence, often when the growth plates are open. Participating in certain physical activity may lead to conflict between the ball and the socket, stimulating the bone to grow and create the cam lesion.
Is a cam deformity genetic?
Currently, there is no firm evidence that FAI is transmitted genetically. There is growing evidence that FAI, particularly cam-deformities, has a higher prevalence in athletes who performed at a high level during adolescence.
Does a hip replacement replace the femoral neck?
A partial hip replacement (hemiarthroplasty) is the replacement of only the patient’s femoral head. The new prosthetic femoral head (metal ball) then rotates inside the natural boney socket.
Do synovial cysts show up on MRI?
Diagnostic imaging MRI will demonstrate not only the nature of the cystic lesion, but also its relationship to the thecal sac. On MR imaging, synovial cysts appear as well circumscribed, smooth, extra-dural in location and adjacent to facet joints.
Where is a pincer lesion located?
The most serious damage caused by pincer FAI occurs at the level of the acetabular cartilage at its junction with the labrum (Fig. 1). The cartilage lesion is localized in the area where the contact occurs, which is usually the anterosuperior portion of the acetabulum.
What causes cam and pincer lesions?
Very often, the Cam and Pincer forms exist together. The cause of these bony variations is not known at this time. FAI is associated with articular cartilage damage and labral tears and may result in hip arthritis at a younger age than usually occurs.